CAJ | 학술논문

直播冬油菜由于个体植株小、抗病性差等特点对钾、钙、镁养分的缺乏尤为敏感。通过研究不同施钾水平对直播油菜钾、钙、镁的吸收和积累的影响，为直播油菜平衡施肥提供科学依据。2011/2012年在湖北蕲春开展田间试验，分析施钾量对直播油菜产量及各部位生物量，钾、钙、镁养分含量和积累量的影响。结果表明，施钾显著提高油菜籽粒产量、各部分生物量以及油菜根、茎、叶钾素含量和积累量，但是 K120（施钾120kg/ hm2 K2 O）和 K160（施钾160kg/ hm2 K2 O）处理间差异均不显著。施钾尤其是高量施钾降低了叶片和茎秆钙、镁的含量，而对油菜根的钙和籽粒的钙、镁含量影响较小。施钾能够显著提高油菜钾、钙、镁总积累量。从整株油菜养分平衡的角度分析，越冬期施钾（尤其是高量施钾）显著增加了油菜对钾的吸收而抑制了钙、镁的吸收。为了能实现钾、钙、镁三种养分的吸收平衡，建议当前生产条件下最佳钾肥施用量为120kg/ hm2。
직파동유채유우개체식주소、항병성차등특점대갑、개、미양분적결핍우위민감。통과연구불동시갑수평대직파유채갑、개、미적흡수화적루적영향，위직파유채평형시비제공과학의거。2011/2012년재호북기춘개전전간시험，분석시갑량대직파유채산량급각부위생물량，갑、개、미양분함량화적루량적영향。결과표명，시갑현저제고유채자립산량、각부분생물량이급유채근、경、협갑소함량화적루량，단시 K120（시갑120kg/ hm2 K2 O）화 K160（시갑160kg/ hm2 K2 O）처리간차이균불현저。시갑우기시고량시갑강저료협편화경간개、미적함량，이대유채근적개화자립적개、미함량영향교소。시갑능구현저제고유채갑、개、미총적루량。종정주유채양분평형적각도분석，월동기시갑（우기시고량시갑）현저증가료유채대갑적흡수이억제료개、미적흡수。위료능실현갑、개、미삼충양분적흡수평형，건의당전생산조건하최가갑비시용량위120kg/ hm2。
Direct - sowing rapeseed was especially sensitive to deficiency of potassium(K),calcium(Ca), and magnesium(Mg)due to its small individuals and poor disease resistance. To improve fertilization management on winter oilseed rape,K application rate impact was studied on absorption and accumulation of K,Ca and Mg of winter oilseed rape(Brassica napus L. ). Field experiment was conducted in Qichun,Hubei during 2011 - 2012. Results showed that K application significantly improved rapeseed yield,organ(root,stem and leaf)biomass,and K content and accumulation. However,no significant difference was found between K120(120kg/ hm2 K2 O)and K160 (160kg/ hm2 K2 O)treatments. K application reduced Ca and Mg contents in stem and leaf,but did not affect Ca con-tent in root and Ca and Mg in seed. K application significantly increased total accumulations of K,Ca and Mg in whole plant. K application,especially with the high application rate,could increase the proportion of K accumulation but decrease the proportions of Ca and Mg accumulations during the overwintering period. In order to achieve nutrient balance of K,Ca and Mg,application rate of 120kg/ hm2 was suggested under the current planting condition.