CAJ | 학술논문

对待中国现行的民族理论和民族政策，很多学者都言必称“民族—国家”理论。对此，我们需要换一个角度来思考。国家和民族之间包括三种具体关系：民族与民族（民族—民族）的关系、民族与国家（民族—国家）的关系和国家与民族（国家—民族）的关系。就国家和民族的关系而言，在探讨民族地区和少数民族发展中，我们需要找回“国家”，并在民族理论中给予“国家”居于民族之上的位置。我们认为，在“国家—民族”自上而下关系框架下，国家的角色处于主导地位，而民族则是从属于国家。中央与民族地区和少数民族之间的关系，是通过从中央到地方的“官本位”的“分级管理”“属地管理”和“分类管理”等一系列制度化的行政管理体系和实际运作机制来实现的。
대대중국현행적민족이론화민족정책，흔다학자도언필칭“민족—국가”이론。대차，아문수요환일개각도래사고。국가화민족지간포괄삼충구체관계：민족여민족（민족—민족）적관계、민족여국가（민족—국가）적관계화국가여민족（국가—민족）적관계。취국가화민족적관계이언，재탐토민족지구화소수민족발전중，아문수요조회“국가”，병재민족이론중급여“국가”거우민족지상적위치。아문인위，재“국가—민족”자상이하관계광가하，국가적각색처우주도지위，이민족칙시종속우국가。중앙여민족지구화소수민족지간적관계，시통과종중앙도지방적“관본위”적“분급관리”“속지관리”화“분류관리”등일계렬제도화적행정관리체계화실제운작궤제래실현적。
“Nation-state” is a prevailing concept in contemporary theories and policies on nationali-ties in China, a multinational country to many scholars.In this paper, the authors suggest that there are three kinds of relations between nation and state, e.g.the relations between different nations, between na-tions and state, and between state and nations.From the perspective of relations between state and nation, we need to bring “state” back in that state comes first, following by nations.The authors use “state-na-tion” to illustrate this top-down relation, and declare that state plays a dominant role, and nation is subor-dinate to the state.This kind of relationship is realized by a series of institutionalized systems including hier-archical management, local management, category management, etc.based on official rank standard.