中华诊断学电子杂志
中華診斷學電子雜誌
중화진단학전자잡지
2015年
2期
86-89
,共4页
临床推理%知识表征%双系统模型%诊断误差
臨床推理%知識錶徵%雙繫統模型%診斷誤差
림상추리%지식표정%쌍계통모형%진단오차
Clinical reasoning%Knowledge representation%Dual-process model%Diagnostic errors
临床推理是医生的核心竞争力。临床推理研究从开始关注临床推理的策略到关注记忆、知识表征的作用,期间研究者们建立了许多理论用以解释临床推理的本质。目前研究者普遍支持双系统模型,并试图从这一模型出发探索控制诊断误差的认知策略,但大部分研究结果并不令人满意,或许把视角转向记忆、知识表征和临床经验,是未来研究兴趣点之一。本文回顾临床推理研究的历史和趋势。
臨床推理是醫生的覈心競爭力。臨床推理研究從開始關註臨床推理的策略到關註記憶、知識錶徵的作用,期間研究者們建立瞭許多理論用以解釋臨床推理的本質。目前研究者普遍支持雙繫統模型,併試圖從這一模型齣髮探索控製診斷誤差的認知策略,但大部分研究結果併不令人滿意,或許把視角轉嚮記憶、知識錶徵和臨床經驗,是未來研究興趣點之一。本文迴顧臨床推理研究的歷史和趨勢。
림상추리시의생적핵심경쟁력。림상추리연구종개시관주림상추리적책략도관주기억、지식표정적작용,기간연구자문건립료허다이론용이해석림상추리적본질。목전연구자보편지지쌍계통모형,병시도종저일모형출발탐색공제진단오차적인지책략,단대부분연구결과병불령인만의,혹허파시각전향기억、지식표정화림상경험,시미래연구흥취점지일。본문회고림상추리연구적역사화추세。
Clinical reasoning is the central component of physician′s competence.Research on clinical reasoning has been conducted for almost 40 years.In this paper,the history and the current trend of clinical reasoning research will be reviewed.The field begins with the strategy of reasoning,then focuses on a critical examination of expert′s memory and knowledge representation.In this period, many theories were presented to help people understand the nature of clinical reasoning.Nowadays, the dual-process model is supported by many researchers.Within this model,researchers tried to explore reasoning strategies to reduce diagnostic error, however, the results were far from satisfactory.Shifting reasoning strategies to memory or knowledge representation may be a new horizon for this field.