光谱学与光谱分析
光譜學與光譜分析
광보학여광보분석
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
2015年
8期
2257-2262
,共6页
李玉宝%温小玲%薛俊发%欧阳健明
李玉寶%溫小玲%薛俊髮%歐暘健明
리옥보%온소령%설준발%구양건명
草酸钙%纳米晶体%FFT%EDS%尿组分
草痠鈣%納米晶體%FFT%EDS%尿組分
초산개%납미정체%FFT%EDS%뇨조분
Calcium oxalate%Nanocrystals%Fast Fourier transformation%Energy dispersive spectroscopy%Urine components
采用高分辨率透射电子显微镜、选区电子衍射、能谱分析和X射线衍射对草酸钙(CaOx )结石患者尿液中纳米晶体的组分进行了准确分析。这些技术检测到一水草酸钙(COM )、尿酸(UA)和磷酸钙(CaP)的存在,能谱分析检测到大量C ,O ,Ca和少量N和P等元素,表明尿纳米晶体的主要组分是COM ,并含有少量的尿酸和磷酸盐。电子显微镜观察到CaOx结石患者尿纳米晶体的粒径主要分布在几十纳米,其结果与Scherer公式计算相符。采用不同孔径的微孔滤膜(0.45,1.2和3μm )将尿液过滤后,得到的尿微晶衍射峰的数量随着滤膜孔径的增加而增加,表明尿微晶的种类增加。CaOx尿石的形成过程涉及尿液晶体的成核、生长、团聚和与细胞的粘附等过程。尿液中大量纳米COM晶体的存在是草酸钙结石形成的重要原因。纳米U A ,CaP晶体能够作为晶巢促进草酸钙结石的形成。
採用高分辨率透射電子顯微鏡、選區電子衍射、能譜分析和X射線衍射對草痠鈣(CaOx )結石患者尿液中納米晶體的組分進行瞭準確分析。這些技術檢測到一水草痠鈣(COM )、尿痠(UA)和燐痠鈣(CaP)的存在,能譜分析檢測到大量C ,O ,Ca和少量N和P等元素,錶明尿納米晶體的主要組分是COM ,併含有少量的尿痠和燐痠鹽。電子顯微鏡觀察到CaOx結石患者尿納米晶體的粒徑主要分佈在幾十納米,其結果與Scherer公式計算相符。採用不同孔徑的微孔濾膜(0.45,1.2和3μm )將尿液過濾後,得到的尿微晶衍射峰的數量隨著濾膜孔徑的增加而增加,錶明尿微晶的種類增加。CaOx尿石的形成過程涉及尿液晶體的成覈、生長、糰聚和與細胞的粘附等過程。尿液中大量納米COM晶體的存在是草痠鈣結石形成的重要原因。納米U A ,CaP晶體能夠作為晶巢促進草痠鈣結石的形成。
채용고분변솔투사전자현미경、선구전자연사、능보분석화X사선연사대초산개(CaOx )결석환자뇨액중납미정체적조분진행료준학분석。저사기술검측도일수초산개(COM )、뇨산(UA)화린산개(CaP)적존재,능보분석검측도대량C ,O ,Ca화소량N화P등원소,표명뇨납미정체적주요조분시COM ,병함유소량적뇨산화린산염。전자현미경관찰도CaOx결석환자뇨납미정체적립경주요분포재궤십납미,기결과여Scherer공식계산상부。채용불동공경적미공려막(0.45,1.2화3μm )장뇨액과려후,득도적뇨미정연사봉적수량수착려막공경적증가이증가,표명뇨미정적충류증가。CaOx뇨석적형성과정섭급뇨액정체적성핵、생장、단취화여세포적점부등과정。뇨액중대량납미COM정체적존재시초산개결석형성적중요원인。납미U A ,CaP정체능구작위정소촉진초산개결석적형성。
High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy ,X‐ray diffraction ,selected area electron diffraction (SAED) ,and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were accurately performed to analyze the components of nanocrystals in the urine of pa‐tients with calcium oxalate (CaOx ) stones . XRD , SAED and FFT detected the presence of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM ) ,uric acid (UA) ,and calcium phosphate (CaP) .EDS detected the elements of C ,O ,Ca ,with a small amount of N and P .These results showed that the main components of urinary nanocrystals were COM ,with a small amount UA and phosphate . HRTEM observation showed that the particle size of urinary nanocrystals was dozens of nanometers .The result was consistent with the calculation by Debye‐Scherrer equation .When the urine was filtered through a microporous membrane of 0.45 ,1.2 , and 3 μm ,respectively ,the number of diffraction peaks of the obtained urine crystallites increased with the increased pore size , indicating the increase of urinary crystallite species .Crystal nucleation ,growth ,aggregation ,and adhesion of crystals to the re‐nal epithelial cells are important processes for CaOx stone formation .The presence of a large amount of COM crystals in pa‐tients’ urine is a critical factor for CaOx stones formation .Nano UA and CaP crystallite can induce the CaOx stone formation as central nidus .