地域研究与开发
地域研究與開髮
지역연구여개발
AREAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
2015年
4期
12-17,22
,共7页
区域开放开发政策%政策内涵%政策演变%长江三角洲
區域開放開髮政策%政策內涵%政策縯變%長江三角洲
구역개방개발정책%정책내함%정책연변%장강삼각주
regional opening up and development policy%policy connotation%policy evolution%Yangtze River Delta
以改革开放以来长江三角洲实施的区域开放开发政策为样本，将开放开发政策分为宏观开放开发政策、经济特区与综合配套改革试验区政策、开发区政策3个能级，从政策内容、工具、作用强度3个维度分析了区域开放开发政策演变的过程。长江三角洲国家级／省级宏观区域开放开发政策的目标从对外开放转为综合开发，对外开放在空间演化上呈从点到面、从沿海到内地、从中心城区到农村的梯度开放特征，政策工具从财税政策和行政控制转为发展社会资本与改善发展环境，前期的财税优惠政策和开放政策逐渐削弱甚至消亡，一些区域规划上升为国家战略而得到增强。上海浦东经历了从经济特区向综合配套改革试验区的转变，政策工具从优惠政策转向全方位的优先探试权。开发区政策集中在经济领域，省级开发区政策效应较国家级开发区弱，不同开发区间的政策逐渐趋同，强度在不断弱化。
以改革開放以來長江三角洲實施的區域開放開髮政策為樣本，將開放開髮政策分為宏觀開放開髮政策、經濟特區與綜閤配套改革試驗區政策、開髮區政策3箇能級，從政策內容、工具、作用彊度3箇維度分析瞭區域開放開髮政策縯變的過程。長江三角洲國傢級／省級宏觀區域開放開髮政策的目標從對外開放轉為綜閤開髮，對外開放在空間縯化上呈從點到麵、從沿海到內地、從中心城區到農村的梯度開放特徵，政策工具從財稅政策和行政控製轉為髮展社會資本與改善髮展環境，前期的財稅優惠政策和開放政策逐漸削弱甚至消亡，一些區域規劃上升為國傢戰略而得到增彊。上海浦東經歷瞭從經濟特區嚮綜閤配套改革試驗區的轉變，政策工具從優惠政策轉嚮全方位的優先探試權。開髮區政策集中在經濟領域，省級開髮區政策效應較國傢級開髮區弱，不同開髮區間的政策逐漸趨同，彊度在不斷弱化。
이개혁개방이래장강삼각주실시적구역개방개발정책위양본，장개방개발정책분위굉관개방개발정책、경제특구여종합배투개혁시험구정책、개발구정책3개능급，종정책내용、공구、작용강도3개유도분석료구역개방개발정책연변적과정。장강삼각주국가급／성급굉관구역개방개발정책적목표종대외개방전위종합개발，대외개방재공간연화상정종점도면、종연해도내지、종중심성구도농촌적제도개방특정，정책공구종재세정책화행정공제전위발전사회자본여개선발전배경，전기적재세우혜정책화개방정책축점삭약심지소망，일사구역규화상승위국가전략이득도증강。상해포동경력료종경제특구향종합배투개혁시험구적전변，정책공구종우혜정책전향전방위적우선탐시권。개발구정책집중재경제영역，성급개발구정책효응교국가급개발구약，불동개발구간적정책축점추동，강도재불단약화。
This paper takes regional opening up and development policy in Yangtze River Delta since 1978 for the samples, which can be divided into three levels:macro opening up and development policy, special economic zones and synthetically reform testing district policy, development zones policy, and analyses its evolution in con-tent, tools, intensity dimensions.The main conclusion is as follows:the national/provincial macro opening up and development policies’ objective have been changed from opening up to comprehensive development, while the spa-tial and temporal order of opening up turned to be from point to surface, from the coast to the inland, from the city center to the rural, which has gradient characteristics;policy tools transitioned from fiscal policy and administrative control to development of social capital and improve the development environment.The early stage preferential fis-cal and taxation policy,opening up policy are gradually weaken or even faded away, some regional planning have enhanced due to rise for the national strategy.The Pudong area of Shanghai has been turned from special economic zone to synthetically reform testing district, and its policy tools shifted from preferential policies to a full range of priority heuristic right.Development zone policies concentrated in the field of economic, policy effect of provincial development zone is weaker than state-level development zone, policies among different development zones are be-coming the same, and the policy strength is weakening.
