CAJ | 학술논문

以猪粪和玉米秸秆按湿重7：1混合为原料，研究腐熟堆肥粗颗粒在堆肥化过程中减排温室气体作用。试验在1.2 m3发酵仓中进行，采用自然通风，每周翻堆一次，设混匀、覆盖、覆混、对照4种处理。试验结果表明：混匀处理能提高堆体的通气性能，提高堆肥产品的腐熟度，同时降低CH4排放41.8％，但不能显著降低NH3排放。覆盖处理能降低NH3排放49.1％；腐熟堆肥覆盖层具有CH4氧化能力，降低CH4排放67.4％。覆混处理既能在堆肥翻堆前降低氨气排放（22.7％），又能在堆肥翻堆后减低甲烷排放（46.6％）。同对照相比，混匀和覆混处理分别减少N2O排放35.7％和74.1％。腐熟堆肥粗颗粒中含有大量亚硝酸盐氧化菌，混入堆肥后可促使亚硝酸盐向硝酸盐的转化，减少通过反硝化途径产生N2O，但是在堆肥初期将促进硝化途径产生N2O。堆肥结束后，覆盖、混匀、覆混处理的总温室气体排放分别下降35.2％、50.4％和58.1％。覆混处理因其操作便捷性、良好的减排效果，可以在实际生产中推广应用。
이저분화옥미갈간안습중7：1혼합위원료，연구부숙퇴비조과립재퇴비화과정중감배온실기체작용。시험재1.2 m3발효창중진행，채용자연통풍，매주번퇴일차，설혼균、복개、복혼、대조4충처리。시험결과표명：혼균처리능제고퇴체적통기성능，제고퇴비산품적부숙도，동시강저CH4배방41.8％，단불능현저강저NH3배방。복개처리능강저NH3배방49.1％；부숙퇴비복개층구유CH4양화능력，강저CH4배방67.4％。복혼처리기능재퇴비번퇴전강저안기배방（22.7％），우능재퇴비번퇴후감저갑완배방（46.6％）。동대조상비，혼균화복혼처리분별감소N2O배방35.7％화74.1％。부숙퇴비조과립중함유대량아초산염양화균，혼입퇴비후가촉사아초산염향초산염적전화，감소통과반초화도경산생N2O，단시재퇴비초기장촉진초화도경산생N2O。퇴비결속후，복개、혼균、복혼처리적총온실기체배방분별하강35.2％、50.4％화58.1％。복혼처리인기조작편첩성、량호적감배효과，가이재실제생산중추엄응용。
Greenhouse gas emissions often occur during organic waste composting. However, covering the wastes with matured composts may reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the present study, a mixed material of pig feces and corn stalks(7:1 by wet weight)were composted in 1.2 m3 rotting boxes for 70 d(turned weekly)to examine the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by adding coarse materials from matured compost(CMMC). The composted coarse materials were applied in 3 different ways:surface covering, mixture with composting materials, and surface covering plus mixture with composting materials at the first turning, with no CMMC addition as a control(CK). Results showed that surface covering with CMMC reduced NH3 emissions by 49.1%, compared with CK. The total NH3 losses were 6.1%and 22.7%lower in the mixture and covering-mixture treatments than that of CK, respectively. In the mixture and covering-mixture treatments, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in CMMC oxidized NO-2-N to NO-3-N, reducing denitrification and in turn N2O production significantly. At the end of the experi-ment, the total N2O losses were 35.7%and 74.1%lower in the covering-mixture and mixture treatments than in CK treatment, respectively. The covering treatment decreased CH4 emissions by 67.4, due to the oxidation in the surface layer. The CH4 emissions also reduced by 41.8%in the mixture treatment, maybe own to reduced anaerobic zones. Together, CMMC surface covering, mixture and covering-mixture treatments reduced total GHG emissions by 35.2%, 50.4%and 58.1%over the control, respectively. These findings indicate that covering-mixture with coarse material from matured compost could be applied to reduce the secondary pollution from organic waste composting.