CAJ | 학술논문

为了寻找高效纤维素降解菌，提高菌渣堆肥微生物发酵效果，促进菌渣高效循环利用，从不同地点堆放的杏鲍菇菌渣中采集样品，利用羧甲基纤维素钠培养基分离纤维素降解菌，结合纤维素刚果红水解圈测定、滤纸条降解试验和纤维素酶（滤纸酶FPA、内切葡聚糖酶CMCase、外切葡聚糖酶C1、葡萄糖苷酶β-Gase）活性测定，筛选到4株（FB7、CB1、BC11、BC12）具有高效纤维素降解能力的细菌，经16S rDNA序列分析，鉴定FB7、CB1为枯草芽孢杆菌，BC11为链霉菌属Streptomyces albus，BC12是丛毛单胞菌属的Comamonas jiangduensis，其中FB7降解能力强，可将滤纸条降解成糊状（10d），纤维素酶活力很高，摇瓶发酵4d后FPA、CMCase、C1酶、β-Gase的酶活分别为22.81、314.50、2.78、188.09 U·g-1。复合菌剂CB1+BC11+FB7的FPA、CMCase、C1酶、β-Gase的酶活高于其他各组合，为31.56、133.63、2.31、217.21 U·g-1，与FB7相比分别提高了38.4％、11.2％、178％、70.3％，将复合菌CB1+BC11+FB7接种到菌渣堆肥中，与对照相比，能快速提高堆体温度，且在翻堆后能更好地维持堆温。
위료심조고효섬유소강해균，제고균사퇴비미생물발효효과，촉진균사고효순배이용，종불동지점퇴방적행포고균사중채집양품，이용최갑기섬유소납배양기분리섬유소강해균，결합섬유소강과홍수해권측정、려지조강해시험화섬유소매（려지매FPA、내절포취당매CMCase、외절포취당매C1、포도당감매β-Gase）활성측정，사선도4주（FB7、CB1、BC11、BC12）구유고효섬유소강해능력적세균，경16S rDNA서렬분석，감정FB7、CB1위고초아포간균，BC11위련매균속Streptomyces albus，BC12시총모단포균속적Comamonas jiangduensis，기중FB7강해능력강，가장려지조강해성호상（10d），섬유소매활력흔고，요병발효4d후FPA、CMCase、C1매、β-Gase적매활분별위22.81、314.50、2.78、188.09 U·g-1。복합균제CB1+BC11+FB7적FPA、CMCase、C1매、β-Gase적매활고우기타각조합，위31.56、133.63、2.31、217.21 U·g-1，여FB7상비분별제고료38.4％、11.2％、178％、70.3％，장복합균CB1+BC11+FB7접충도균사퇴비중，여대조상비，능쾌속제고퇴체온도，차재번퇴후능경호지유지퇴온。
The cellulose in spent substrate of edible mushroom is often a limiting factor of the spent substrate decomposition. This study was performed to isolate highly effective cellulose-degrading bacteria from spent substrate in order to improve the fermentation of spent substrate of edible mushroom. Samples were collected from spent substrates of Pleurotus eryngii at different stacking places. Four strains(FB7, CB1, BC11 and BC12)with high cellulose-degrading efficiencies were obtained based on the results of Congo red cellulose hydrolytic hole mea-surement, filter paper degradation test and cellulose activity assays(filter paper enzyme FPA, endoglucanase CMCase, exoglucanase C1 and glucosidaseβ-Gase), using CMC-Na as sole carbon source. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the trains FB7 and CB1 were Bacillus sub-tilis,thestrainBC11wasStreptomycesalbus,andthestrainBC12wasComamonas jiangduensis.ThestrainFB7withhighfilterpaperde-grading ability had high cellulose activities and degraded filter paper into paste within 10 days. The activities of four enzymes(FPA, CM-Case, C1 andβ-Gase)produced by the stain FB7 cultured for 4 days on a shaking incubator were 22.81 U·g-1, 314.50 U·g-1, 2.78 U·g-1 and 188.09 U·g-1, respectively. The FPA, CMCase, C1, andβ-Gase activities of bacterial combination(CB1+BC11+FB7)were 31.56 U·g-1, 133.61 U·g-1, 2.31 U·g-1, and 217.21 U·g-1, increased by 38.4%, 11.2%, 178%, and 70.3%, respectively, compared with the strain FB7 alone. Inoculation of bacterial combination(CB1+BC11+FB7)to spent substrate compost increased the temperature of the compost quickly, with higher and lesser fluctuations than in the control.