CAJ | 학술논문

厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3的排放不但会引发臭气污染，而且会降低堆肥产品的养分含量。通风量是影响这2种恶臭气体排放的重要因素。以大类粗分后的厨余垃圾为研究对象，玉米秸秆作为调理剂，设置4个水平的通风量，分别为每立方米物料0.5、1.0、2.2、3.2 m3·h-1，研究通风量对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3排放的影响。结果表明，4个处理均满足无害化和堆肥腐熟的要求，NH3的排放量随通风量的增加而增加，H2S的排放量随通风量的增加而减少，但过大的通风量会增加H2S的吹脱，使其排放量增大。综合厨余垃圾堆肥的无害化指标、H2S和NH3的排放以及最终堆肥产品的毒性检验结果，实验条件下每立方米物料的通风量为2.2 m3·h-1的持续通风处理，既能有效控制H2S和NH3的排放，又能保证堆肥的无害化和堆肥产品的腐熟。
주여랄급퇴비과정중H2S화NH3적배방불단회인발취기오염，이차회강저퇴비산품적양분함량。통풍량시영향저2충악취기체배방적중요인소。이대류조분후적주여랄급위연구대상，옥미갈간작위조리제，설치4개수평적통풍량，분별위매립방미물료0.5、1.0、2.2、3.2 m3·h-1，연구통풍량대주여랄급퇴비과정중H2S화NH3배방적영향。결과표명，4개처리균만족무해화화퇴비부숙적요구，NH3적배방량수통풍량적증가이증가，H2S적배방량수통풍량적증가이감소，단과대적통풍량회증가H2S적취탈，사기배방량증대。종합주여랄급퇴비적무해화지표、H2S화NH3적배방이급최종퇴비산품적독성검험결과，실험조건하매립방미물료적통풍량위2.2 m3·h-1적지속통풍처리，기능유효공제H2S화NH3적배방，우능보증퇴비적무해화화퇴비산품적부숙。
Waste composting has been considered as a safe and efficient measure to dispose kitchen waste in recent years. Kitchen waste composting would produce a great quantity of H2S and NH3. To reduce emissions of H2S and NH3, a composting experiment was carried out with kitchen waste and corn stalk as materials under aerobic conditions to investigate H2S and NH3 emissions from kitchen waste under dif-ferent ventilation rates marked T1, T2, T3 and T4(0.5,1.0,2.2 and 3.2 m3·m-3 material·h-1). Temperature, O2, H2S, NH3, GI, EC, TOC, and TN were monitored during composting. During 30 days of composting, cumulative emissions of H2S in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were respectively 103.17, 54.10, 35.58 and 44.38 mg·kg-1 DM. Compared with T1, H2S emissions were reduced by 47.6%, 65.5%and 57.0%for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Cumulative emissions of NH3 during 30 days were 14.79、406.50、1475.63 and 2274.35 mg·kg-1 DM for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. These findings show that H2S emissions decrease with increasing ventilation within a certain range. The emissions of NH3 in-crease with ventilation rates. Taking into comprehensive consideration of non-hazard index, H2S and NH3 emissions, and compost toxicity test, it is recommended that an optimized method for composting kitchen waste would be 85:15 of kitchen waste to stalk ratio and 2.2 m3·m-3 material·h-1 of ventilation rate.