中华实用儿科临床杂志
中華實用兒科臨床雜誌
중화실용인과림상잡지
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
2015年
14期
1060-1063
,共4页
董慧茹%何少茹%郑曼利%钟劲%陈晓博%刘玉梅%梁穗新
董慧茹%何少茹%鄭曼利%鐘勁%陳曉博%劉玉梅%樑穗新
동혜여%하소여%정만리%종경%진효박%류옥매%량수신
动脉导管%婴儿,早产%心脏指数%外周血管阻力指数%血压
動脈導管%嬰兒,早產%心髒指數%外週血管阻力指數%血壓
동맥도관%영인,조산%심장지수%외주혈관조력지수%혈압
Ductus arteriosus%Infant,premature%Cardiac index%Peripheral vascular resistance index%Blood pressure
目的:探讨不同胎龄(GA)新生儿动脉导管自然闭合时间,并对比关闭前后心脏指数(CI)、外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)及血压的变化趋势。方法采用前瞻观察性研究,选取新生儿95例,其中足月儿20例,早产儿75例,根据 GA 分为4组:GA ﹤32周组(27例),32周≤GA ﹤34周组(25例),34周≤GA ﹤37周组(23例),GA≥37周组(20例)。所有研究对象于5个时间点(24 h、48 h、72 h、7 d 和14 d)分别使用超声心排出量监测仪(USCOM)测定 CI 及 SVRI,超声心动图(ECHO)监测动脉导管大小,并于每次测量时记录血压。结果34周≤GA ﹤37周、GA≥37周的新生儿出生24 h 动脉导管累积自然关闭率分别为61.0%和90.0%;32周≤GA ﹤34周早产儿出生24 h 动脉导管累积自然关闭率为44.0%;GA ﹤32周的早产儿出生72 h 动脉导管自然关闭率为59.1%,其中9例口服布洛芬治疗,1例行动脉导管结扎术;4个胎龄组于5个时间点动脉导管累积关闭率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.756、4.735、18.890、11.366、28.159,P 均﹤0.05)。动脉导管关闭后 GA ﹤32周,32周≤GA ﹤34周,34周≤GA ﹤37周,GA≥37周4组的收缩压、舒张压及 SVRI 升高,与关闭前比较差异均有统计学意义(t =-32.561、-19.913、-31.791、4.760,P 均﹤0.0001;t =-25.091、-23.400、-21.147、2.240,P 均﹤0.05;t =-10.931、-9.975、-9.629、2.350,P 均﹤0.05);GA ﹤32周组、32周≤GA ﹤34周组、34周≤GA ﹤37周组导管关闭后 CI 均较关闭前均下降,差异均有统计学意义( t =9.244、6.515、5.996,P 均﹤0.001),GA≥37周组关闭前后 CI 无明显变化(t =0.940,P ﹥0.05)。结论胎龄越大,出生早期动脉导管自然关闭率越高,而胎龄﹤32周的早产儿仍有近1/3需要药物治疗或手术干预;动脉导管关闭后血流动力学波动较大,对于早产儿及时使用 USCOM 及 ECHO 可早期发现并治疗动脉导管未闭。
目的:探討不同胎齡(GA)新生兒動脈導管自然閉閤時間,併對比關閉前後心髒指數(CI)、外週血管阻力指數(SVRI)及血壓的變化趨勢。方法採用前瞻觀察性研究,選取新生兒95例,其中足月兒20例,早產兒75例,根據 GA 分為4組:GA ﹤32週組(27例),32週≤GA ﹤34週組(25例),34週≤GA ﹤37週組(23例),GA≥37週組(20例)。所有研究對象于5箇時間點(24 h、48 h、72 h、7 d 和14 d)分彆使用超聲心排齣量鑑測儀(USCOM)測定 CI 及 SVRI,超聲心動圖(ECHO)鑑測動脈導管大小,併于每次測量時記錄血壓。結果34週≤GA ﹤37週、GA≥37週的新生兒齣生24 h 動脈導管纍積自然關閉率分彆為61.0%和90.0%;32週≤GA ﹤34週早產兒齣生24 h 動脈導管纍積自然關閉率為44.0%;GA ﹤32週的早產兒齣生72 h 動脈導管自然關閉率為59.1%,其中9例口服佈洛芬治療,1例行動脈導管結扎術;4箇胎齡組于5箇時間點動脈導管纍積關閉率比較,差異均有統計學意義(χ2=6.756、4.735、18.890、11.366、28.159,P 均﹤0.05)。動脈導管關閉後 GA ﹤32週,32週≤GA ﹤34週,34週≤GA ﹤37週,GA≥37週4組的收縮壓、舒張壓及 SVRI 升高,與關閉前比較差異均有統計學意義(t =-32.561、-19.913、-31.791、4.760,P 均﹤0.0001;t =-25.091、-23.400、-21.147、2.240,P 均﹤0.05;t =-10.931、-9.975、-9.629、2.350,P 均﹤0.05);GA ﹤32週組、32週≤GA ﹤34週組、34週≤GA ﹤37週組導管關閉後 CI 均較關閉前均下降,差異均有統計學意義( t =9.244、6.515、5.996,P 均﹤0.001),GA≥37週組關閉前後 CI 無明顯變化(t =0.940,P ﹥0.05)。結論胎齡越大,齣生早期動脈導管自然關閉率越高,而胎齡﹤32週的早產兒仍有近1/3需要藥物治療或手術榦預;動脈導管關閉後血流動力學波動較大,對于早產兒及時使用 USCOM 及 ECHO 可早期髮現併治療動脈導管未閉。
목적:탐토불동태령(GA)신생인동맥도관자연폐합시간,병대비관폐전후심장지수(CI)、외주혈관조력지수(SVRI)급혈압적변화추세。방법채용전첨관찰성연구,선취신생인95례,기중족월인20례,조산인75례,근거 GA 분위4조:GA ﹤32주조(27례),32주≤GA ﹤34주조(25례),34주≤GA ﹤37주조(23례),GA≥37주조(20례)。소유연구대상우5개시간점(24 h、48 h、72 h、7 d 화14 d)분별사용초성심배출량감측의(USCOM)측정 CI 급 SVRI,초성심동도(ECHO)감측동맥도관대소,병우매차측량시기록혈압。결과34주≤GA ﹤37주、GA≥37주적신생인출생24 h 동맥도관루적자연관폐솔분별위61.0%화90.0%;32주≤GA ﹤34주조산인출생24 h 동맥도관루적자연관폐솔위44.0%;GA ﹤32주적조산인출생72 h 동맥도관자연관폐솔위59.1%,기중9례구복포락분치료,1례행동맥도관결찰술;4개태령조우5개시간점동맥도관루적관폐솔비교,차이균유통계학의의(χ2=6.756、4.735、18.890、11.366、28.159,P 균﹤0.05)。동맥도관관폐후 GA ﹤32주,32주≤GA ﹤34주,34주≤GA ﹤37주,GA≥37주4조적수축압、서장압급 SVRI 승고,여관폐전비교차이균유통계학의의(t =-32.561、-19.913、-31.791、4.760,P 균﹤0.0001;t =-25.091、-23.400、-21.147、2.240,P 균﹤0.05;t =-10.931、-9.975、-9.629、2.350,P 균﹤0.05);GA ﹤32주조、32주≤GA ﹤34주조、34주≤GA ﹤37주조도관관폐후 CI 균교관폐전균하강,차이균유통계학의의( t =9.244、6.515、5.996,P 균﹤0.001),GA≥37주조관폐전후 CI 무명현변화(t =0.940,P ﹥0.05)。결론태령월대,출생조기동맥도관자연관폐솔월고,이태령﹤32주적조산인잉유근1/3수요약물치료혹수술간예;동맥도관관폐후혈류동역학파동교대,대우조산인급시사용 USCOM 급 ECHO 가조기발현병치료동맥도관미폐。
Objective To investigate the time for spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus and the trends of cardiac index(CI),peripheral vascular resistance index(SVRI)and blood pressure of neonates with different gesta-tional ages(GA). Methods A prospective observational study about 95 newborns,including 20 full - term and 75 pre-term infants were divided into 4 groups according to their GA as GA ﹤ 32 weeks(n = 27),32 weeks≤GA ﹤ 34 weeks (n = 25),34 weeks≤GA ﹤ 37 weeks(n = 23),GA≥37 weeks(n = 20). Patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed by echocardiography(ECHO)at the time of 24 h,48 h,72 h,7 d and 14 d. CI,SVRI and blood pressure were measured with ultrasonic cardiac output monitor(USCOM). Results The cumulative spontaneous closure rate of arterious ductus of 32 weeks≤GA ﹤34 weeks,34 weeks≤GA ﹤37 weeks group and GA≥37 weeks group at 24 h after birth was 44. 0% , 61. 0% and 90. 0% respectively. However the rate was only 59. 1% at 72 h with the GA less than 32 weeks,of which 9 cases needed ibuprofen and 1 patient was conducted ductus arteriosus ligation. The differences in cumulative closure rate among 4 groups based on GA at 5 time points were statistically significant(χ2 =6. 756,4. 735,18. 890,11. 366,28. 159,all P ﹤0. 05). There was significant increase of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and SVRI with ductus arte-riosus closure(t = -32. 561,-19. 913,-31. 791,4. 760,all P ﹤0. 000 1;t = - 25. 091,- 23. 400,- 21. 147,2. 240,all P ﹤0. 05;t = -10. 931,-9. 975,-9. 629,2. 350,all P ﹤ 0. 05). Whereas CI significantly decreased in groups of GA ﹤32 weeks,32 weeks ≤GA ﹤34 weeks,34 weeks ≤GA ﹤37 weeks(t =9. 224,6. 515,5. 996,all P ﹤ 0. 001)and no sig-nificant changes in GA≥37 weeks(t =0. 940,P ﹥0. 05). Conclusions With the increase of gestational age,the rate of naturally early arterial catheter closure is higher. Whereas there still are nearly one - third infants requiring medical or surgical intervention in the group of GA ﹤32 weeks. Ductus arteriosus has great influence on hemodynamics. For preterm, especially very low birth weight preterm,the use of ECHO and USCOM can early detect and treat patent ductus arteriosus.