化工学报
化工學報
화공학보
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INDUSY AND ENGINEERING (CHINA)
2015年
8期
3210-3217
,共8页
程炎%颜彬航%李天阳%金涌%程易
程炎%顏彬航%李天暘%金湧%程易
정염%안빈항%리천양%금용%정역
多相反应器%热等离子体%热力学%碳氢化合物%乙炔
多相反應器%熱等離子體%熱力學%碳氫化閤物%乙炔
다상반응기%열등리자체%열역학%탄경화합물%을결
multiphase reactor%plasma%thermodynamics%hydrocarbons%acetylene
针对化石资源劣质化和大宗低价值化工中间产品的反应工程新问题,提出利用热等离子体超高温特性实现极端条件下难利用原料的高效清洁转化,重点探讨并比较了煤化工中的原煤、煤焦油和石油化工中的沥青质的热等离子体裂解特性。通过热等离子体裂解实验室小试装置考察了3种典型原料的裂解行为,结果表明,煤焦油和沥青质具有高于煤的转化率和乙炔收率;建立了基于热力学的热等离子体裂解反应过程的能量平衡分析方法,模拟计算了不同操作条件下各原料在兆瓦级中试装置上的裂解结果,给出了相同等离子体能量注入的条件下不同原料裂解过程的物流和能流关系;并进一步模拟分析了原料间混合裂解的混料配比对裂解气的影响,为热等离子体裂解过程的工业原料筛选和原料混合裂解提供了科学依据。
針對化石資源劣質化和大宗低價值化工中間產品的反應工程新問題,提齣利用熱等離子體超高溫特性實現極耑條件下難利用原料的高效清潔轉化,重點探討併比較瞭煤化工中的原煤、煤焦油和石油化工中的瀝青質的熱等離子體裂解特性。通過熱等離子體裂解實驗室小試裝置攷察瞭3種典型原料的裂解行為,結果錶明,煤焦油和瀝青質具有高于煤的轉化率和乙炔收率;建立瞭基于熱力學的熱等離子體裂解反應過程的能量平衡分析方法,模擬計算瞭不同操作條件下各原料在兆瓦級中試裝置上的裂解結果,給齣瞭相同等離子體能量註入的條件下不同原料裂解過程的物流和能流關繫;併進一步模擬分析瞭原料間混閤裂解的混料配比對裂解氣的影響,為熱等離子體裂解過程的工業原料篩選和原料混閤裂解提供瞭科學依據。
침대화석자원렬질화화대종저개치화공중간산품적반응공정신문제,제출이용열등리자체초고온특성실현겁단조건하난이용원료적고효청길전화,중점탐토병비교료매화공중적원매、매초유화석유화공중적력청질적열등리자체렬해특성。통과열등리자체렬해실험실소시장치고찰료3충전형원료적렬해행위,결과표명,매초유화력청질구유고우매적전화솔화을결수솔;건립료기우열역학적열등리자체렬해반응과정적능량평형분석방법,모의계산료불동조작조건하각원료재조와급중시장치상적렬해결과,급출료상동등리자체능량주입적조건하불동원료렬해과정적물류화능류관계;병진일보모의분석료원료간혼합렬해적혼료배비대렬해기적영향,위열등리자체렬해과정적공업원료사선화원료혼합렬해제공료과학의거。
The chemical reaction engineering nowadays is facing the new challenge from the degraded feedstocks of heavy fossil resources and low-value intermediate chemical products. Thermal plasma technique operated at extreme conditions (e.g., ultra-high temperature) is proposed as a potential means to realize the clean and efficient conversion of materials that are difficult to be handled using the conventional technologies. This work aims to study the pyrolysis performances of representative coal, coal tar and asphaltene materials in thermal plasmas. Experimental investigations were carried out on a lab-scale device to evaluate the pyrolysis characteristics of the feedstocks. The results showed that higher conversion and acetylene yield than coal can be achieved by using coal tar and asphaltene as the feeds. A model to describe the material and energy balances was established based on thermodynamics and the thermal effects in the thermal plasma process. The simulations on 2 MW pilot-plant scales were performed to compare the pyrolysis performances of these feedstocks, and the material and energy flows for these system operated under the same conditions were presented. Furthermore, analysis of pyrolysis with mixed materials showed an improved performance when adding coal tar or asphaltene into the coal pyrolysis system. It is anticipated that this work would provide scientific basis for feedstock selection and feedstock blending in the applications of thermal plasma pyrolysis.