CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解山东省地方性氟中毒重病区饮水氟含量与人群病情现状,为制订防治策略提供依据.方法 2013年9-11月,根据2005-2007年山东省水氟筛查结果,选择地方性氟中毒重病区菏泽市的牡丹区、济宁市的嘉祥县、德州市的武城县、青岛市的平度市和滨州市的博兴县共5个县(市、区)为调查地,在各县(市、区)抽查3或4个中、重病区村,调查居民户饮水含氟量、8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及尿氟含量.水氟、尿氟含量检测采用离子选择电极法(GB 5750-2006,WS/T 89-1996),8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断参照Dean法(WS/T 208-2011).结果 5个县(市、区)共调查16个村58户居民饮用水水样,武城、牡丹、平度、博兴、嘉祥水氟均值分别为4.14、3.84、1.83、1.33、0.43 mg/L;除嘉祥外,其余4个县均超过饮用水标准[(1.20 mg/L,《地方性氟中毒病区控制标准》(GB 17017-2010)];武城与牡丹县超标严重,所查水样全部超标.检测8～ 12岁儿童尿样320份,武城、牡丹、博兴、平度、嘉祥5个县(市、区)尿氟几何均值分别为4.51、4.62、1.82、1.30、1.01 mg/L;5个县(市、区)的574名儿童进行氟斑牙检查,氟斑牙总检出率为61.85％(355/574),缺损率为12.89％(74/574),氟斑牙指数为1.27;武城、牡丹、博兴、平度、嘉祥5个县(市、区)氟斑牙检出率分别为90.18％(101/112)、97.73％(86/88)、62.22％(84/135)、54.90％(28/51)、29.79％(56/188).结论山东省地方性氟中毒重病区水氟超标较严重,人群尿氟仍维持在较高水平,儿童氟斑牙检出率偏高,氟中毒病情尚未完全控制,防治形势严峻.
목적 료해산동성지방성불중독중병구음수불함량여인군병정현상,위제정방치책략제공의거.방법 2013년9-11월,근거2005-2007년산동성수불사사결과,선택지방성불중독중병구하택시적모단구、제저시적가상현、덕주시적무성현、청도시적평도시화빈주시적박흥현공5개현(시、구)위조사지,재각현(시、구)추사3혹4개중、중병구촌,조사거민호음수함불량、8～12세인동불반아환병정황급뇨불함량.수불、뇨불함량검측채용리자선택전겁법(GB 5750-2006,WS/T 89-1996),8～ 12세인동불반아진단삼조Dean법(WS/T 208-2011).결과 5개현(시、구)공조사16개촌58호거민음용수수양,무성、모단、평도、박흥、가상수불균치분별위4.14、3.84、1.83、1.33、0.43 mg/L;제가상외,기여4개현균초과음용수표준[(1.20 mg/L,《지방성불중독병구공제표준》(GB 17017-2010)];무성여모단현초표엄중,소사수양전부초표.검측8～ 12세인동뇨양320빈,무성、모단、박흥、평도、가상5개현(시、구)뇨불궤하균치분별위4.51、4.62、1.82、1.30、1.01 mg/L;5개현(시、구)적574명인동진행불반아검사,불반아총검출솔위61.85％(355/574),결손솔위12.89％(74/574),불반아지수위1.27;무성、모단、박흥、평도、가상5개현(시、구)불반아검출솔분별위90.18％(101/112)、97.73％(86/88)、62.22％(84/135)、54.90％(28/51)、29.79％(56/188).결론 산동성지방성불중독중병구수불초표교엄중,인군뇨불잉유지재교고수평,인동불반아검출솔편고,불중독병정상미완전공제,방치형세엄준.
Objective To investigate the fluoride content in drinking water as well as the current status of endemic fluorosis in 5 counties of Shandong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies.Methods According to the survey data of fluoride content in drinking water in Shandong Province between 2005 to 2007,an epidemiological investigation was carried out in Mudan,Jiaxiang,Wucheng,Pingdu and Boxing Counties from September to November 2013.The fluoride content in drinking water and urine and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 were investigated in 3-4 major survey villages selected in the five counties.The fluoride content in drinking water was detected by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Deans method.Results Fifty-eight drinking water samples were investigated in 16 villages of the five counties.Water fluorine content in Wucheng,Mudan,Pingdu,Boxing and Jiaxiang counties was 4.14,3.84,1.83,1.33 and 0.43 mg/L,respectively.There were 4 counties' fluorine content exceeding the national standard (1.20 mg/L) except Jiaxiang County.The exceeding rate was 100％ in Wucheng and Mudan counties.Urine fluorine content of 320 children aged 8 to 12 in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang counties was 4.51,4.62,1.82,1.30,1.01 mg/L respectively;the total detection rate of dental fluorosis of 574 children was 61.85％ (355/574),the rate of dental damage was 12.89％ (74/574),and dental fluorosis index was 1.27;the detection rate of dental fluorosis in Wucheng,Mudan,Boxing,Pingdu and Jiaxiang Counties was 90.18％ (101/112),97.73％ (86/88),62.22％ (84/135),54.90％ (28/51) and 29.79％ (56/188),respectively.Conclusions The exceeding rate of water fluorine content is very high in 5 counties of severe endenic fluorosis areas in Shandong Province.The urinary fluorine level of the population is still high and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children is high.Endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province has not yet been effectively controlled,control situation is still grim.