CAJ | 학술논문

以早籼稻中早39和粳稻秀水134为试验材料，利用温室和人工气候箱，通过不同育秧方式处理，研究移栽后4种温度处理对水稻新叶出生、分蘖发生、株高生长、叶片叶色与干物质积累及氮素吸收的影响。结果表明：（1）随处理温度升高，水稻新叶出生与分蘖发生所需天数为降低趋势，16℃低温处理时秧苗基本无分蘖，19℃处理为移栽后15 d产生分蘖，22、25℃为移栽后10 d产生分蘖。（2）温度升高，百苗干重增量增加，吸氮量也增加；16、19℃处理，干重变化较小，氮吸收量也少；植株各部位器官吸氮量的增加趋势以19℃～22℃较明显。（3）秧苗移栽后分蘖增长速率及发生时间以旱育秧和基质育秧方式高于泥浆育秧方式，而叶龄无明显变化。（4）秧苗分蘖发生速度、干物质增长量及各部位器官吸氮量均以粳稻秀水134高于籼稻中早39，说明粳稻耐低温性强于籼稻。以上结果表明，选择基质育秧和旱育秧方式，保持高于19℃的气温有利于水稻秧苗返青及早发，同时在早稻生产中选择粳稻品种有利于秧苗耐低温生长。
이조선도중조39화갱도수수134위시험재료，이용온실화인공기후상，통과불동육앙방식처리，연구이재후4충온도처리대수도신협출생、분얼발생、주고생장、협편협색여간물질적루급담소흡수적영향。결과표명：（1）수처리온도승고，수도신협출생여분얼발생소수천수위강저추세，16℃저온처리시앙묘기본무분얼，19℃처리위이재후15 d산생분얼，22、25℃위이재후10 d산생분얼。（2）온도승고，백묘간중증량증가，흡담량야증가；16、19℃처리，간중변화교소，담흡수량야소；식주각부위기관흡담량적증가추세이19℃～22℃교명현。（3）앙묘이재후분얼증장속솔급발생시간이한육앙화기질육앙방식고우니장육앙방식，이협령무명현변화。（4）앙묘분얼발생속도、간물질증장량급각부위기관흡담량균이갱도수수134고우선도중조39，설명갱도내저온성강우선도。이상결과표명，선택기질육앙화한육앙방식，보지고우19℃적기온유리우수도앙묘반청급조발，동시재조도생산중선택갱도품충유리우앙묘내저온생장。
Using early indica rice Zhongzao 39 and japonica rice Xiushui 134 as the experimental materials, the effects of 4 temperature levels after transplantation on turning green, leaf growth, til ering, dry matter accumulation and nutrition absorption were studied using a greenhouse and an artificial climate chest. We found that (1) til ering did not occur and growth of one new leaf took over 15 days at 16℃. New leaf growth took over 10 days and til ering occurred after 15 days of transplanta-tion at 19 ℃. Til ering appeared 10 days after planting and new leaf growth took 5 days between 22 and 25 ℃. This showed that low temperature impeded the turn-ing green of rice seedlings and the temperature must reach above 19 ℃ to ensure timely appearance of new leaf, til ering and turning green in rice seedlings. (2) When the temperature was 10 increased, both 100-seedling dry weight and nitrogen absorption increased. At temperatures lower 11 than 19 ℃, both dry weight incre-ment and nitrogen absorption were low. Nitrogen absorption of al organs increased obviously between 19 and 22 ℃. Thus, 19 ℃ was found to be an minimum tem-perature for plant organs to absorb nutrients. (3)Til er of seedling cultivated on dry-land soil and substrate grew quickly and til ering occurred about 7 days after trans-planting. After that, the growth rate was about 0.18 til er per day. For seedlings cultivated in slurry, til ering occurred 10 days after transplanting and the til ers grew at a rate of 0.16 til er per day. However, substrate choice during the seedling rais-ing stage had no significant influence on leaf age. (4) Japonica rice exhibited stronger resistance to low temperature than indica rice. Til ering began at about the same time after transplanting in both rice varieties, but japonica rice exhibited higher til ering speed than early indica rice. The speed of leaf growth was higher in japoni-ca rice before transplantation but higher in indica rice after transplantation.