刑事技术
刑事技術
형사기술
FORENSIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2015年
4期
266-268
,共3页
袁国平%王萍%蒋铁奇%刘晋
袁國平%王萍%蔣鐵奇%劉晉
원국평%왕평%장철기%류진
痕迹检验%铸模法%整体分离%曲面客体%碎片
痕跡檢驗%鑄模法%整體分離%麯麵客體%碎片
흔적검험%주모법%정체분리%곡면객체%쇄편
mark examination%casting%physical match%curved surface%fragments
在刑事案件及交通肇事类案件现场经常会出现曲面客体受外力作用后破碎,分离形成数量众多的碎片,由于曲面客体大多结构复杂、物体破碎程度较大、分离体数量较多,一块碎片往往同时需要与其它多块碎片进行整体分离痕迹检验,工作难度极大。为解决该问题,本文尝试对不同种类曲面客体数量众多碎片的整体分离痕迹检验方法进行研究,使用高强度立体足迹提取材料及相关辅助材料,利用灌注或贴敷方法铸造出相应样品物体的内胆模型,以该模型为骨架对物证碎片进行拼接比对。通过对30种不同曲面客体众多数量碎片,在50次不同条件下的整体分离检验鉴定,成功解决了现场碎片的归属及原始物体数量问题,总结出曲面客体铸模整体分离痕迹检验的新方法,并提出了检验鉴定的规范化操作步骤及相关注意事项。
在刑事案件及交通肇事類案件現場經常會齣現麯麵客體受外力作用後破碎,分離形成數量衆多的碎片,由于麯麵客體大多結構複雜、物體破碎程度較大、分離體數量較多,一塊碎片往往同時需要與其它多塊碎片進行整體分離痕跡檢驗,工作難度極大。為解決該問題,本文嘗試對不同種類麯麵客體數量衆多碎片的整體分離痕跡檢驗方法進行研究,使用高彊度立體足跡提取材料及相關輔助材料,利用灌註或貼敷方法鑄造齣相應樣品物體的內膽模型,以該模型為骨架對物證碎片進行拼接比對。通過對30種不同麯麵客體衆多數量碎片,在50次不同條件下的整體分離檢驗鑒定,成功解決瞭現場碎片的歸屬及原始物體數量問題,總結齣麯麵客體鑄模整體分離痕跡檢驗的新方法,併提齣瞭檢驗鑒定的規範化操作步驟及相關註意事項。
재형사안건급교통조사류안건현장경상회출현곡면객체수외력작용후파쇄,분리형성수량음다적쇄편,유우곡면객체대다결구복잡、물체파쇄정도교대、분리체수량교다,일괴쇄편왕왕동시수요여기타다괴쇄편진행정체분리흔적검험,공작난도겁대。위해결해문제,본문상시대불동충류곡면객체수량음다쇄편적정체분리흔적검험방법진행연구,사용고강도입체족적제취재료급상관보조재료,이용관주혹첩부방법주조출상응양품물체적내담모형,이해모형위골가대물증쇄편진행병접비대。통과대30충불동곡면객체음다수량쇄편,재50차불동조건하적정체분리검험감정,성공해결료현장쇄편적귀속급원시물체수량문제,총결출곡면객체주모정체분리흔적검험적신방법,병제출료검험감정적규범화조작보취급상관주의사항。
Evidential fragments are often encountered at crime scenes, particularly those involving in motor-vehicle accidents and crime. The objects are often broken from external force, leading to fragmentation. However, due to the complex structure of the object’s surface and the large number of fragments, fitting all the fragments together becomes extremely difficult. Here the fitting methods, implementation steps and operation specifications for reassembly under different circumstances were tested and optimized. Overall separation tests of 30 surface-different objects under 50 various conditions were implemented to identify the fragments and the amount of the original objects. The high-strength materials and their auxiliary for three-dimensional footprint lining extraction were utilized to cast corresponding object’s liner (lining) models by perfusion or adhesion methods. The model, as a framework, was compared with the relevant debris to put them together. The reconstruction of a glass bottle was taken as a specific example to illustrate the test procedure. The new method has proven its practical value for the examination and identification of similar broken trace evidence. The standardized examining steps and related precautions were also proposed.