中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2015年
23期
2851-2855,2856
,共6页
甲型肝炎疫苗%大规模疫苗接种%疑似预防接种异常反应
甲型肝炎疫苗%大規模疫苗接種%疑似預防接種異常反應
갑형간염역묘%대규모역묘접충%의사예방접충이상반응
Hepatitis A vaccines%Mass vaccination%Adverse events following immunization
目的：分析江苏省接种甲型肝炎疫苗（ HepA）发生疑似预防接种异常反应（ AEFI）的流行病学特征，评价HepA预防接种的安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统和江苏省免疫规划信息系统，收集江苏省2008—2013年HepA AEFI报告数据和HepA接种数据，对相关指标进行描述性分析。结果江苏省2008—2013年共报告HepA AEFI 2585例，其中冻干甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗（ HepA-L）1068例，平均报告发生率310.0／100万剂；甲型肝炎灭活疫苗（HepA-I）1517例，平均报告发生率358.8／100万剂。 HepA-L AEFI一般反应发生率为267.0／100万剂（920例），异常反应发生率为39.5／100万剂（136例）； HepA-I AEFI一般反应发生率为334.2／100万剂（1413例），异常反应发生率为24.1／100万剂（102例）。年龄分布上， HepA-L AEFI以1岁组为主，占83.1％； HepA-I AEFI以1岁组和2～3岁组为主，分别占57.7％和38.7％。 HepA -L和HepA-I AEFI 男女性别比均为1.4∶1。 HepA -L和HepA-I AEFI每个季节均有报告，春、夏季所占比例略高，分别为59.6％和61.6％。在不良反应的临床损害分布上一般反应的主要症状为发热、红肿、硬结，异常反应主要症状为过敏性皮疹。不良反应集中在接种后≤1d发生。结论HepA-L和HepA-I均具有较好的预防接种安全性，不良反应以发热、红肿、硬结和过敏性皮疹为主，发生时间主要集中在接种后≤1 d。临床需关注HepA接种后急性过敏反应的发生信号。
目的：分析江囌省接種甲型肝炎疫苗（ HepA）髮生疑似預防接種異常反應（ AEFI）的流行病學特徵，評價HepA預防接種的安全性。方法通過AEFI信息管理繫統和江囌省免疫規劃信息繫統，收集江囌省2008—2013年HepA AEFI報告數據和HepA接種數據，對相關指標進行描述性分析。結果江囌省2008—2013年共報告HepA AEFI 2585例，其中凍榦甲型肝炎減毒活疫苗（ HepA-L）1068例，平均報告髮生率310.0／100萬劑；甲型肝炎滅活疫苗（HepA-I）1517例，平均報告髮生率358.8／100萬劑。 HepA-L AEFI一般反應髮生率為267.0／100萬劑（920例），異常反應髮生率為39.5／100萬劑（136例）； HepA-I AEFI一般反應髮生率為334.2／100萬劑（1413例），異常反應髮生率為24.1／100萬劑（102例）。年齡分佈上， HepA-L AEFI以1歲組為主，佔83.1％； HepA-I AEFI以1歲組和2～3歲組為主，分彆佔57.7％和38.7％。 HepA -L和HepA-I AEFI 男女性彆比均為1.4∶1。 HepA -L和HepA-I AEFI每箇季節均有報告，春、夏季所佔比例略高，分彆為59.6％和61.6％。在不良反應的臨床損害分佈上一般反應的主要癥狀為髮熱、紅腫、硬結，異常反應主要癥狀為過敏性皮疹。不良反應集中在接種後≤1d髮生。結論HepA-L和HepA-I均具有較好的預防接種安全性，不良反應以髮熱、紅腫、硬結和過敏性皮疹為主，髮生時間主要集中在接種後≤1 d。臨床需關註HepA接種後急性過敏反應的髮生信號。
목적：분석강소성접충갑형간염역묘（ HepA）발생의사예방접충이상반응（ AEFI）적류행병학특정，평개HepA예방접충적안전성。방법통과AEFI신식관리계통화강소성면역규화신식계통，수집강소성2008—2013년HepA AEFI보고수거화HepA접충수거，대상관지표진행묘술성분석。결과강소성2008—2013년공보고HepA AEFI 2585례，기중동간갑형간염감독활역묘（ HepA-L）1068례，평균보고발생솔310.0／100만제；갑형간염멸활역묘（HepA-I）1517례，평균보고발생솔358.8／100만제。 HepA-L AEFI일반반응발생솔위267.0／100만제（920례），이상반응발생솔위39.5／100만제（136례）； HepA-I AEFI일반반응발생솔위334.2／100만제（1413례），이상반응발생솔위24.1／100만제（102례）。년령분포상， HepA-L AEFI이1세조위주，점83.1％； HepA-I AEFI이1세조화2～3세조위주，분별점57.7％화38.7％。 HepA -L화HepA-I AEFI 남녀성별비균위1.4∶1。 HepA -L화HepA-I AEFI매개계절균유보고，춘、하계소점비례략고，분별위59.6％화61.6％。재불량반응적림상손해분포상일반반응적주요증상위발열、홍종、경결，이상반응주요증상위과민성피진。불량반응집중재접충후≤1d발생。결론HepA-L화HepA-I균구유교호적예방접충안전성，불량반응이발열、홍종、경결화과민성피진위주，발생시간주요집중재접충후≤1 d。림상수관주HepA접충후급성과민반응적발생신호。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of adverse events following immunization ( AEFI ) of hepatitis A vaccine ( HepA) in Jiangsu Province and to evaluate the safety of the inoculation of HepA .Methods The HepA AEFI data and HepA inoculation data of Jiangsu Province from 2008 to 2013 were collected through the AEFI information system and the Information System of the Expanded Programme on Immunization of Jiangsu Province .Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze relevant indicators .Results A total of 2 585 HepA AEFI cases were reported during the period , including 1 068 HepA-L AEFI cases and 1 517 HepA-I AEFI cases, and the annual average incidence was 310.0/106 and 358.8/106 respectively.For adverse events of HepA -L, the reporting rate of common adverse events was 267.0/106 (920), the reporting rate of rare adverse events was 39.5/106 (136).For adverse events of HepA -I, the reporting rate of common adverse events was 334.2/106 (1 413), the reporting rate of rare adverse events was 24.1/106 (102).People aged 1 year old accounted for 83.1% among HepA -L AEFI cases; people aged 1 years old and 2 to 3 years old accounted for 57.7% and 38.7%respectively among HepA -I AEFI cases.The male-to-female ratio was 1.4∶1 among both HepA-L and HepA-I AEFI cases.And both HepA-L and HepA-I AEFI cases were reported in each season , but the proportion was slightly higher in spring and summer, accounted for 59.6% and 61.6% respectively.The main symptoms of common adverse events were fever, red and swelling and indurations; the main diagnoses of rare vaccine reactions were anaphylactic rashes .Most adverse events happened within 1d after vaccination .Conclusion HepA-L and HepA-I have good immunization safety .Fever, red and swelling, indurations and anaphylactic rash are the predominant diagnosrs following immunization and most adverse events happen within 1d after vaccination.However, the surveillance should still focus on the anaphylactoid reactions after HepA -L immunization in future .
