中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2015年
24期
2894-2897,2902
,共5页
徐绮%沈节艳%施榕%薛锦花
徐綺%瀋節豔%施榕%薛錦花
서기%침절염%시용%설금화
心血管疾病%危险因素%中年人%危险性评估%社区卫生服务
心血管疾病%危險因素%中年人%危險性評估%社區衛生服務
심혈관질병%위험인소%중년인%위험성평고%사구위생복무
Cardiovascular diseases%Risk factors%Middle aged%Risk assessment%Community health services
目的:分析并评估社区45~59岁年龄段人群缺血性心血管疾病( ICVD)的发病危险。方法选取2013年10月—2014年3月上海市沪东社区卫生服务中心45~59岁的常住人口为调查对象,按照整群抽样的原则抽取上海市沪东社区33个居民委员会(居委会)中的5个,每个居委会选取符合标准的社区居民138例为研究对象,共纳入690例。本研究由问卷调查(性别、年龄等及健康状况、既往史),体格检查(体质量、血压等),实验室检测(血糖、血脂等)组成。比较男性与女性不同年龄段ICVD危险因素发生率、男性与女性不同年龄段10年ICVD发病危险度得分与《国人缺血性心血管病(ICVD)十年发病危险度评估表》的对应参考值(危险评估参考值),评估男性与女性不同年龄段10年ICVD发病危险度,比较不同性别需干预率。结果最终纳入636例,其中男262例(占41.2%),女374例(占58.8%)。男性BMI升高发生率和吸烟率均高于女性(P<0.05);其余危险因素发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性随着年龄的增大高血压控制不良发生率升高(P<0.001);女性随着年龄的增大高血压控制不良发生率和高胆固醇血症发生率升高( P<0.001)。男性50~54、55~59岁年龄段及女性45~49、50~54、55~59岁年龄段ICVD发病危险度得分均高于危险评估参考值(P<0.05)。男性10年ICVD发病危险度极低危、低危发生率分别为53.8%(141/262)和40.5%(106/262),女性10年ICVD发病危险度极低危、低危发生率分别为79.7%(298/374)和13.9%(52/374)。男性需干预率为5.7%(15/262),女性需干预率为6.4%(24/374),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.128, P=0.720)。结论本社区中年人群中,除了45~49岁年龄段的男性, ICVD平均危险度得分均高于参考值,提示将ICVD一级预防的防线前移,年龄段下移,将是今后社区防治工作的重点。
目的:分析併評估社區45~59歲年齡段人群缺血性心血管疾病( ICVD)的髮病危險。方法選取2013年10月—2014年3月上海市滬東社區衛生服務中心45~59歲的常住人口為調查對象,按照整群抽樣的原則抽取上海市滬東社區33箇居民委員會(居委會)中的5箇,每箇居委會選取符閤標準的社區居民138例為研究對象,共納入690例。本研究由問捲調查(性彆、年齡等及健康狀況、既往史),體格檢查(體質量、血壓等),實驗室檢測(血糖、血脂等)組成。比較男性與女性不同年齡段ICVD危險因素髮生率、男性與女性不同年齡段10年ICVD髮病危險度得分與《國人缺血性心血管病(ICVD)十年髮病危險度評估錶》的對應參攷值(危險評估參攷值),評估男性與女性不同年齡段10年ICVD髮病危險度,比較不同性彆需榦預率。結果最終納入636例,其中男262例(佔41.2%),女374例(佔58.8%)。男性BMI升高髮生率和吸煙率均高于女性(P<0.05);其餘危險因素髮生率比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。男性隨著年齡的增大高血壓控製不良髮生率升高(P<0.001);女性隨著年齡的增大高血壓控製不良髮生率和高膽固醇血癥髮生率升高( P<0.001)。男性50~54、55~59歲年齡段及女性45~49、50~54、55~59歲年齡段ICVD髮病危險度得分均高于危險評估參攷值(P<0.05)。男性10年ICVD髮病危險度極低危、低危髮生率分彆為53.8%(141/262)和40.5%(106/262),女性10年ICVD髮病危險度極低危、低危髮生率分彆為79.7%(298/374)和13.9%(52/374)。男性需榦預率為5.7%(15/262),女性需榦預率為6.4%(24/374),差異無統計學意義(χ2=0.128, P=0.720)。結論本社區中年人群中,除瞭45~49歲年齡段的男性, ICVD平均危險度得分均高于參攷值,提示將ICVD一級預防的防線前移,年齡段下移,將是今後社區防治工作的重點。
목적:분석병평고사구45~59세년령단인군결혈성심혈관질병( ICVD)적발병위험。방법선취2013년10월—2014년3월상해시호동사구위생복무중심45~59세적상주인구위조사대상,안조정군추양적원칙추취상해시호동사구33개거민위원회(거위회)중적5개,매개거위회선취부합표준적사구거민138례위연구대상,공납입690례。본연구유문권조사(성별、년령등급건강상황、기왕사),체격검사(체질량、혈압등),실험실검측(혈당、혈지등)조성。비교남성여녀성불동년령단ICVD위험인소발생솔、남성여녀성불동년령단10년ICVD발병위험도득분여《국인결혈성심혈관병(ICVD)십년발병위험도평고표》적대응삼고치(위험평고삼고치),평고남성여녀성불동년령단10년ICVD발병위험도,비교불동성별수간예솔。결과최종납입636례,기중남262례(점41.2%),녀374례(점58.8%)。남성BMI승고발생솔화흡연솔균고우녀성(P<0.05);기여위험인소발생솔비교,차이무통계학의의(P>0.05)。남성수착년령적증대고혈압공제불량발생솔승고(P<0.001);녀성수착년령적증대고혈압공제불량발생솔화고담고순혈증발생솔승고( P<0.001)。남성50~54、55~59세년령단급녀성45~49、50~54、55~59세년령단ICVD발병위험도득분균고우위험평고삼고치(P<0.05)。남성10년ICVD발병위험도겁저위、저위발생솔분별위53.8%(141/262)화40.5%(106/262),녀성10년ICVD발병위험도겁저위、저위발생솔분별위79.7%(298/374)화13.9%(52/374)。남성수간예솔위5.7%(15/262),녀성수간예솔위6.4%(24/374),차이무통계학의의(χ2=0.128, P=0.720)。결론본사구중년인군중,제료45~49세년령단적남성, ICVD평균위험도득분균고우삼고치,제시장ICVD일급예방적방선전이,년령단하이,장시금후사구방치공작적중점。
Objective To analyze and assess the risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease ( ICVD) among people aged from 45 to 59 in communities.Methods From October 2013 to March 2014, the study selected permanent residents aged 45-59 from Shanghai Hudong Community Health Service Center as subjects .Using cluster sampling method , and selected 5 from 33 neighborhood committees in Shanghai Hudong Community and selected 138 residents from each of the 5 committees, thus it enrolled altogether 690 subjects.The study included questionnaire survey ( gender, age, health condition and history of diseases), physical examination ( body mass and blood pressure ), laboratory examination ( blood glucose and blood lipid ). Comparison was made in the incidence of risk factors for ICVD between males and females and among different age ranges .The study then compared the 10-year risk score for ICVD in male and female subjects of different age ranges with the reference values ( for risk assessment ) used in the National 10-year Risk Assessment for ICVD .The 10-year risk scores for ICVD of male and female subjects of different age ranges were determined , and the rate of needing intervention was also compared between males and females.Results The study finally enrolled 636 subjects, including 262 (41.2%) male subjects and 374 (58.8%) female subjects.Male subjects were higher ( P<0.05 ) than female subjects in the incidence of elevated BMI and smoking rate; no significant differences ( P >0.05) were found in other risk factors.Among male subjects, the incidence of bad -controlled hypertension increased (P<0.001) with age increasing; among female subjects, the incidence of bad -controlled hypertension and the incidence of hypercholesteremia increased (P<0.001) with age increasing.Male subjects aged 50-54 and 55-59 and female subjects aged 45-49, 50-54 and 55-59 had higher (P<0.05) risk score than reference values.The very-low-risk rate and the low-risk rate were 53.8% ( 141/262 ) and 40.5% ( 106/262 ) for male subjects and 79.7% ( 298/374 ) and 13.9% (52/374) for female subjects.The rate of needing intervention was 5.7% (15/262) for male subjects and 6.4% (24/374) for female subjects, with no significant differences between them (χ2 =0.128, P =0.720) .Conclusion In the studied community, except males aged 45 to 49, the rest middle -aged residents all had higher risk score than reference values.We suggest the primary prevention of ICVD should be stricter , the age range for the prevention should be lower , and this should be considered as the focus of the prevention of ICVD in communities .