CAJ | 학술논문

为研究风雨共同作用下风力机风雨荷载的大小及分布规律，基于 FLUENT 软件对2 MW 水平轴风力机在额定工况下遭受50 mm／h 暴雨时的风场和风驱雨进行了分析。结果表明：风力机近壁面大量雨滴随风朝两侧分离，仅部分雨滴打击到风力机迎风面，尾流区少量雨滴出现回流并撞击到风力机背风面，冲击到风力机表面的雨滴直径99％在2．5 mm 以下；气流流经风力机时流场突然发生改变，雨滴速度的调整相对于风速变化存在“滞后”，撞击风力机时雨滴水平末速度不再等于水平风速；风力机在暴雨天气运行时，风轮和机舱的雨荷载可以忽略，但雨滴对塔筒的冲击作用占到塔筒风荷载的12％以上，不可小视。
위연구풍우공동작용하풍력궤풍우하재적대소급분포규률，기우 FLUENT 연건대2 MW 수평축풍력궤재액정공황하조수50 mm／h 폭우시적풍장화풍구우진행료분석。결과표명：풍력궤근벽면대량우적수풍조량측분리，부부분우적타격도풍력궤영풍면，미류구소량우적출현회류병당격도풍력궤배풍면，충격도풍력궤표면적우적직경99％재2．5 mm 이하；기류류경풍력궤시류장돌연발생개변，우적속도적조정상대우풍속변화존재“체후”，당격풍력궤시우적수평말속도불재등우수평풍속；풍력궤재폭우천기운행시，풍륜화궤창적우하재가이홀략，단우적대탑통적충격작용점도탑통풍하재적12％이상，불가소시。
Based on FLUENT software,the wind field and wind-driven rain around a 2MW horizontal axis wind turbine were analyzed under conditions of rated operation and a 50mm /h storm.It was shown that a large number of raindrops falling on the wind turbine separate towards its both sides with the wind,only parts of raindrops impact its windward surface,few raindrops in the wake area back flow and hit the leeward side of the wind turbine;the diameters for 99% of the raindrops impacting the wind turbine are below 2.5mm;the flow field suddenly changes when the airflow flows through the wind turbine,the adjustment of raindrops'speed lags behind the change of wind speed,the final horizontal speed of raindrops no longer is equal to the horizontal wind speed;the rain load on the wind wheel and the engine room can be ignored when the wind turbine operates in a rainstorm,but the rain load on the tower may be more than 12% of the tower wind load and can not be neglected.