CAJ | 학술논문

为了消减冷浸型中低产田长期浸渍、泥温低、土壤有效养分低等障碍因子，通过田间小区试验和动态取样与室内测定，研究了不同有机无机肥配比对冷浸田土壤肥力及水稻生长的影响.结果表明：与复合肥处理比较，复合肥与40%( N)生鸡粪配施处理的土壤磷酸铁盐和磷酸钙盐含量分别提高11%和17%，复合肥与60%( N)生鸡粪配施处理的土壤磷酸铝盐含量提高44%，且磷酸铝盐、磷酸铁盐和磷酸钙盐占无机磷总量的比例提高，闭蓄态磷占无机磷总量的比例降低，促使土壤中难溶性磷向易溶性磷转化，提高土壤有效磷含量；复合肥配施60%( N)生鸡粪处理的土壤松结态腐殖质占重组腐殖质的比例提高1.9个百分点，紧结态腐殖质占重组腐殖质的比例降低4.6个百分点，土壤活性有机质含量提高14%，土壤阳离子交换量提高11%；复合肥与40%( N)生鸡粪配施处理的土壤真菌和放线菌数量分别提高33%和28%，复合肥配施60%( N)生鸡粪处理的土壤细菌数和微生物活性分别提高160%和19%，水稻磷、钾吸收量分别提高5%和111%；复合肥与40%( N)生鸡粪配施处理的早、晚稻产量分别增加8%和42%，复合肥与60%( N)生鸡粪配施处理的早、晚稻产量分别增加6%和31%.有机无机平衡施肥是适合于冷浸田水稻增产的施肥方式.
위료소감랭침형중저산전장기침지、니온저、토양유효양분저등장애인자，통과전간소구시험화동태취양여실내측정，연구료불동유궤무궤비배비대랭침전토양비력급수도생장적영향.결과표명：여복합비처리비교，복합비여40%( N)생계분배시처리적토양린산철염화린산개염함량분별제고11%화17%，복합비여60%( N)생계분배시처리적토양린산려염함량제고44%，차린산려염、린산철염화린산개염점무궤린총량적비례제고，폐축태린점무궤린총량적비례강저，촉사토양중난용성린향역용성린전화，제고토양유효린함량；복합비배시60%( N)생계분처리적토양송결태부식질점중조부식질적비례제고1.9개백분점，긴결태부식질점중조부식질적비례강저4.6개백분점，토양활성유궤질함량제고14%，토양양리자교환량제고11%；복합비여40%( N)생계분배시처리적토양진균화방선균수량분별제고33%화28%，복합비배시60%( N)생계분처리적토양세균수화미생물활성분별제고160%화19%，수도린、갑흡수량분별제고5%화111%；복합비여40%( N)생계분배시처리적조、만도산량분별증가8%화42%，복합비여60%( N)생계분배시처리적조、만도산량분별증가6%화31%.유궤무궤평형시비시괄합우랭침전수도증산적시비방식.
The effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil fertility properties and rice growth was researched by dynamic sampling and analysis in field experiment to reduce harm of the obstacle characteristics in cold paddy soil such as low temperature, flooding, bad structure and low soil available nutrient. The results showed that compared with com-pound fertilizer, in treatment of combination of organic (40%N) and inorganic fertilization soil Fe-P and Ca-P contents were increased by 11% and 17% respectively; in treatment of combination of organic (60%N) and inorganic fertilization soil Al-P contents was increased by 44%, and the percentage of Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P were increased, the percentage of O-P was re-duced, the transformation of insoluble phosphate to the soluble phosphorus was promoted, content of soil available phosphorus was increased, the contribution of loosely combined humus to total humus was increased by 1. 9%, the contribution of tightly combined humus to total humus was reduced by 4. 6%, the active organic matter contents and cation exchange capacity were increased by 14% and 11% respectively. Fungus and actinomycetes contents were increased by 33% and 28% respectively in treatment of combination of organic (40%N) and inorganic fertilization. Bacterium content and microorganism activity in treat-ment of combination of organic (60%N) and inorganic fertilization were increased by 160% and 19% respectively, and the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by rice were increased by 5% and 111% respectively. The early rice yield and late rice yield in combination of organic (40%N) and inorganic fertilization were increased by 8% and 42%, while in combination of organic (60%N) and inorganic fertilization they were increased by 6% and by 31%, respectively. Effect of organic and inor-ganic balance fertilization was efficient in improving cold spring paddy soil fertility and increasing rice yield.