CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解受教育程度对老年人不同认知功能区域损害的影响。方法采用随机整群抽样方法，对上海市某社区的354名≥65岁老年人(76名文盲和278名初中以上学历者)进行问卷调查，采用简易智力状态检查(MMSE)量表和蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)量表对老年人不同认知功能区域损害进行评估。结果通过MMSE和MoCA量表检测发现，在认知功能损害程度相同的对象中，受高教育程度者各认知功能区域的评分均高于文盲者。受教育程度≥6年的研究对象中，痴呆组[或轻度认知功能障碍(MCI组)和正常组评分相差最大的认知功能区域分别为语言能力、视空间与执行功能；在文盲人群中，痴呆组(或MCI组)和正常组间评分相差最大的认知功能区域分别为定向力、视空间与执行功能。结论对受高教育程度者，可用MMSE量表中的语言能力项目分代替总分，MoCA量表中的视空间与执行功能项目分代替总分。对受低教育程度者，可用MMSE量表中的定向力项目分代替总分，MoCA量表中的视空间与执行功能项目分代替总分。
목적：료해수교육정도대노년인불동인지공능구역손해적영향。방법채용수궤정군추양방법，대상해시모사구적354명≥65세노년인(76명문맹화278명초중이상학력자)진행문권조사，채용간역지력상태검사(MMSE)량표화몽특리이인지평고(MoCA)량표대노년인불동인지공능구역손해진행평고。결과통과MMSE화MoCA량표검측발현，재인지공능손해정도상동적대상중，수고교육정도자각인지공능구역적평분균고우문맹자。수교육정도≥6년적연구대상중，치태조[혹경도인지공능장애(MCI조)화정상조평분상차최대적인지공능구역분별위어언능력、시공간여집행공능；재문맹인군중，치태조(혹MCI조)화정상조간평분상차최대적인지공능구역분별위정향력、시공간여집행공능。결론대수고교육정도자，가용MMSE량표중적어언능력항목분대체총분，MoCA량표중적시공간여집행공능항목분대체총분。대수저교육정도자，가용MMSE량표중적정향력항목분대체총분，MoCA량표중적시공간여집행공능항목분대체총분。
Aim To investigate the effect of different education levels on cognitive domains’ impairment in the older. Methods Three hundred and iffty-four old people aged 65 or older (seventy six objects with illiteracy, two hundred and seventy-eight objects with six or higher years’ education) were sampled in random and cluster method from a district, Shanghai and assessed for cognitive domains’ impairment by using MMSE scale and MoCA scale. Results MMSE scale and MoCA scale found that in objects with the same degree of cognitive impairment, scores in each cognitive domain of objects with higher education level was higher than that of objects with illiteracy. In objects with six or higher years’ education, language or visuo-executive function, there were the biggest difference between the groups with dementia or MCI and the groups with normal cognition. In objects with illiteracy, oritation or visuo-executive function, there were the biggest difference between the groups with dementia or MCI and groups with normal cognition. Conclusion For objects with six or higher years’ education, language could replace total MMSE and visuo-executive function could replace total MoCA. For objects with illiteracy, oritation could replace total MMSE and visuo-executive function could replace total MoCA.