CAJ | 학술논문

水稻机械化穴播技术是一种轻简化水稻种植技术，在适宜的地区可以取得较高产量。该研究比较了国内水稻机械穴播主要推广地区采用的机械穴播种植技术和机械插秧种植技术的稻米品质性状。试验结果表明，水稻机械穴播技术有利于提高稻谷的整精米产量，机械穴播在安徽南陵、四川绵竹、新疆温宿和山东高清等地区的整精米产量分别比机械插秧显著提高了9.11%、27.02%、4.08%、11.11%。水稻机械化穴播技术对稻米蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量的影响在部分地区表现降低趋势。机械穴播显著降低了山东高清地区稻米的垩白粒率，对其余稻米外观品质性状无显著影响。该研究初探了水稻机械穴播技术对中国部分水稻种植区较大面积种植的水稻品种的稻米品质的影响，有利于进一步促进水稻机械穴播技术在适宜地区的推广应用。
수도궤계화혈파기술시일충경간화수도충식기술，재괄의적지구가이취득교고산량。해연구비교료국내수도궤계혈파주요추엄지구채용적궤계혈파충식기술화궤계삽앙충식기술적도미품질성상。시험결과표명，수도궤계혈파기술유리우제고도곡적정정미산량，궤계혈파재안휘남릉、사천면죽、신강온숙화산동고청등지구적정정미산량분별비궤계삽앙현저제고료9.11%、27.02%、4.08%、11.11%。수도궤계화혈파기술대도미단백질함량화직련정분함량적영향재부분지구표현강저추세。궤계혈파현저강저료산동고청지구도미적성백립솔，대기여도미외관품질성상무현저영향。해연구초탐료수도궤계혈파기술대중국부분수도충식구교대면적충식적수도품충적도미품질적영향，유리우진일보촉진수도궤계혈파기술재괄의지구적추엄응용。
Grain qualities including milling, appearance, cooking and nutritional quality, are important traits that have aroused rice researchers’ attention worldwide. Head rice rate, an important milling quality together with grain yield affects head rice yield. The head rice yield is directly related to economic value of the grains, and has significant impacts on income of rice producers. Precision rice hill-drop drilling is a simplified technique, which can achieve high yield while is applied at appropriate rice growth regions. The precision rice hill-drop drilling technique has been applied in many rice growth regions in China. Previously, precision rice hill-drop drilling technique has been proven to influence rice yield, agronomic performances and grain qualities in small region only and assessing the effect of precision rice hill-drop drilling technique on grain qualities in national wide is therefore important. In order to investigate the influence of precision rice hill-drop drilling technique on grain qualities in multiple rice growth regions in China, the comparison experiment were carried out. In this study, comparisons of the grain qualities between precision rice hill-drop drilling and machanical transplanting were investigated in the mainly planting areas (viz: Anhui, Shanghai, Guangdong, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Shandong) of precision rice hill-drop drilling in China. Results showed that precision rice hill-drop drilling technique was beneficial to improve head rice yield. Rice by using precision rice hill-drop drilling had higher head rice yield than that by using machanical transplanting in Nanling Anhui, Mianzhu Sichuan, Wensu Xinjiang, and Gaoqing Shandong regions, which increased by 9.11%, 27.02%, 4.08%, and 11.11% significantly. Moreover, the effects of precision rice hill-drop drilling technique on protein content and amylose content in grains from different investigated regions were different because of the difference in cultivars and environmental conditions,and the decrease in protein content and amylose content in grains were detected for some investigated regions. Furthermore, precision rice hill-drop drilling technique significantly decreased chalky rice rate in grains in Gaoqing Shandong, while showed no significant effect on appearance qualities of grains for other investigated regions. This study have investigated the impact of precision rice hill-drop drilling technique on grain quality of the rice varieties planted in large areas of the rice planting regions in China, this work is beneficial to further promotion to the popularization and application of precision rice hill-drop drilling technique in appropriate areas.