测绘学报
測繪學報
측회학보
ACTA GEODAETICA ET CARTOGRAPHICA SINICA
2015年
7期
734-740
,共7页
精密单点定位PPP%定位模型%等价性原理%模糊度固定%模糊度精度因子
精密單點定位PPP%定位模型%等價性原理%模糊度固定%模糊度精度因子
정밀단점정위PPP%정위모형%등개성원리%모호도고정%모호도정도인자
precise point positioning(PPP)%position model%equivalence principle%ambiguity fixing%ADOP
GNSS精密单点定位技术因其只采用单台接收机就能获得高精度的定位结果而成为近年来的研究热点。精密单点定位通常采用3种模型：无电离层组合模型、Uof c模型与非组合模型。本文从模糊度固定的角度详细论述了这3种模型的相互关系，公式推导证明了非组合模型与Uofc模型等价，且都优于无电离层组合模型；与采用等价性原理消去电离层延迟的Uof c模型相比，非组合模型将电离层延迟作为参数求解，能为用户提供附加电离层先验约束的条件，从而方便地转换为电离层加权模型。在固定宽巷模糊度的情况下，采用模糊度精度因子（ADOP）对模糊度的固定效率进行了分析，验证了Uofc模型相对于无电离层组合模型具有噪声小、不损失原始观测信息等优点。而附电离层约束的非组合模型在高精度先验电离层信息约束下能有效提高模糊度固定效率。
GNSS精密單點定位技術因其隻採用單檯接收機就能穫得高精度的定位結果而成為近年來的研究熱點。精密單點定位通常採用3種模型：無電離層組閤模型、Uof c模型與非組閤模型。本文從模糊度固定的角度詳細論述瞭這3種模型的相互關繫，公式推導證明瞭非組閤模型與Uofc模型等價，且都優于無電離層組閤模型；與採用等價性原理消去電離層延遲的Uof c模型相比，非組閤模型將電離層延遲作為參數求解，能為用戶提供附加電離層先驗約束的條件，從而方便地轉換為電離層加權模型。在固定寬巷模糊度的情況下，採用模糊度精度因子（ADOP）對模糊度的固定效率進行瞭分析，驗證瞭Uofc模型相對于無電離層組閤模型具有譟聲小、不損失原始觀測信息等優點。而附電離層約束的非組閤模型在高精度先驗電離層信息約束下能有效提高模糊度固定效率。
GNSS정밀단점정위기술인기지채용단태접수궤취능획득고정도적정위결과이성위근년래적연구열점。정밀단점정위통상채용3충모형：무전리층조합모형、Uof c모형여비조합모형。본문종모호도고정적각도상세논술료저3충모형적상호관계，공식추도증명료비조합모형여Uofc모형등개，차도우우무전리층조합모형；여채용등개성원리소거전리층연지적Uof c모형상비，비조합모형장전리층연지작위삼수구해，능위용호제공부가전리층선험약속적조건，종이방편지전환위전리층가권모형。재고정관항모호도적정황하，채용모호도정도인자（ADOP）대모호도적고정효솔진행료분석，험증료Uofc모형상대우무전리층조합모형구유조성소、불손실원시관측신식등우점。이부전리층약속적비조합모형재고정도선험전리층신식약속하능유효제고모호도고정효솔。
GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) has become the research hotspot in the most recent years due to its capability of obtaining precise position with single receiver .Usually ,three models are used in PPP ,that is ,uncombined model ,Uofc model and ionosphere‐free combination model .The rel ationships between the these models are described in detail in this paper .On the one hand ,it is clarified that the uncombined model is equivalent to the Uofc model and both of them are better than the ionosphere‐free model in the sense of ambiguity resolution .On the other hand ,in comparison with the Uofc model that eliminates the ionosphere delay by using the equivalence principle ,the uncombined model that takes the ionosphere del ay as the parameter has its advantage that it can provide the users with the prior constrained conditions for the ionosphere .As a result , the model can be converted to the ionosphere‐weighted model easily .In the circumstance of fixing the wide‐l ane ,when comparing with the ionosphere‐free model by using ambiguity dilution of precision (ADOP) from the aspect of fixing ambiguity ,Uofc model has many advantages such as small noise ,origin information preserving etc .,while the ionosphere‐weighted model can improve the ambiguity resolution significantly when the high precise prior ionosphere information is available .
