CAJ | 학술논문

在宁夏南部山区，通过田间小区试验，以单作马铃薯为对照，研究了4种马铃薯燕麦间作行数比[2∶2（P2 O2）、2∶4（P2 O4）、4∶2（P4 O2）、4∶4（P4 O4）]对马铃薯光合特性与产量的影响。结果表明，开花期，间作马铃薯的叶面积指数（LAI）、比叶重（SLW）显著下降，随着第1茬燕麦的收获，间作马铃薯能获得更多的光照和更广阔的生长空间，良好的通风透光条件使 SLW 有一定程度的回升；成熟期间作 LAI 高于单作。整个生育期 P4 O4处理的 LAI 和叶绿素总含量（Chla＋Chlb）显著高于其他间作处理。在开花期，与单作相比，间作马铃薯叶片的净光合速率（P n ）、气孔导度（Gs ）、蒸腾速率（T r ）显著降低，胞间 CO2浓度（C i ）显著提高；成熟期，光合指标的变化趋势与开花期相反。与单作相比，间作马铃薯由于增加了单株块茎重、单株商品薯重，减少了小薯个数，而使产量显著增加，P4 O4产量最高。马铃薯／燕麦间作具有一定的间作优势，各间作处理经济产量土地当量比（LER）均大于1，其中 P4 O2的土地当量比最大，为1．22；其次为 P4 O4处理。在马铃薯／燕麦间作生产中适当增加马铃薯行数或减少燕麦行数有利于增加间作优势，在生产中宜采用马铃薯与燕麦间作行数比为4∶2、4∶4的间作模式。
재저하남부산구，통과전간소구시험，이단작마령서위대조，연구료4충마령서연맥간작행수비[2∶2（P2 O2）、2∶4（P2 O4）、4∶2（P4 O2）、4∶4（P4 O4）]대마령서광합특성여산량적영향。결과표명，개화기，간작마령서적협면적지수（LAI）、비협중（SLW）현저하강，수착제1치연맥적수획，간작마령서능획득경다적광조화경엄활적생장공간，량호적통풍투광조건사 SLW 유일정정도적회승；성숙기간작 LAI 고우단작。정개생육기 P4 O4처리적 LAI 화협록소총함량（Chla＋Chlb）현저고우기타간작처리。재개화기，여단작상비，간작마령서협편적정광합속솔（P n ）、기공도도（Gs ）、증등속솔（T r ）현저강저，포간 CO2농도（C i ）현저제고；성숙기，광합지표적변화추세여개화기상반。여단작상비，간작마령서유우증가료단주괴경중、단주상품서중，감소료소서개수，이사산량현저증가，P4 O4산량최고。마령서／연맥간작구유일정적간작우세，각간작처리경제산량토지당량비（LER）균대우1，기중 P4 O2적토지당량비최대，위1．22；기차위 P4 O4처리。재마령서／연맥간작생산중괄당증가마령서행수혹감소연맥행수유리우증가간작우세，재생산중의채용마령서여연맥간작행수비위4∶2、4∶4적간작모식。
Intercropping systems with four different potato-oat row ratios (2 ∶2,P2 O2 ;2 ∶4,P2 O4 ;4 ∶2, P4 O2 ;4∶4,P4 O4 )were tested to determine effects on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of potato. During the flowering period,potato leaf area index (LAI)and leaf weight ratio (SLW)decreased significantly. After the first crops of oats are harvested,potatoes receive more light and growth space;thus SLW recovered to a degree.When the crops were mature,the LAI of potato in intercropping systems was higher than that in monoculture.Compared with other intercropping ratios,the LAI and total chlorophyll content under P4 O4 treatment were significantly higher during the entire growth period.During the flowering period,net photo-synthetic rate (P n ),stomatal conductance (G s )and transpiration rate (T r )of potato in intercropping systems significantly reduced compared to those in monoculture,while intercellular CO2 concentration (C i )significantly increased.However,the photosynthesis indexes decreased at maturation point.Compared to monoculture,in-tercropped potato returned significant increases in production,possibly due to increased tuber yield and market-able yield per plant,as well as reduced numbers of small potato.The highest yield was obtained under P4 O4 treatment.Intercropping with oats also returned land equivalent ratios (LER)greater than 1.LER was highest (1.22)under the P4 O2 treatment,followed by the P4 O4 treatment.The results suggest that potato/oat row ra-tios of 4∶2 or 4∶4 perform better than other ratios in this intercropping system.