CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解山东省小学生家人的吸烟现状及其对子女吸烟相关知识、态度和行为的影响,为有效开展小学生控烟工作提供依据.方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在山东省东、中、西部各抽取1个市进行监测,从中随机抽取农村、城市小学各2所,使用自行编制的调查问卷,对3～6年级的6 050名小学生及其家人进行自填、匿名调查.结果山东省49.7％的小学生家中有人吸烟,以隔代家庭最高,重组家庭和大家庭次之,被调查学生家庭中的吸烟者以父亲和祖父/外祖父为主,烟龄＞10年的分别占43.4％和74.0％,日平均吸烟量＞10支的分别占33.2％和38.4％,在家中吸烟的位置以“到处吸”和“客厅吸”为最多,分别为24.3％和37.2％.家人吸烟的小学生尝试吸烟率和现在吸烟率分别为7.7％和1.7％,明显高于家人不吸烟学生的4.4％和0.8％.家人吸烟与否的两类学生在吸烟有关的大部分行为、态度差异有统计学意义.结论山东省小学生家人(尤其是男性)吸烟现状不容乐观,家人是学生控烟工作的重要组成部分和关键要素,应引起学校、社区和控烟相关部门的重视,探讨适宜的方法对学生家人进行有效的控烟宣传和戒烟干预.
목적 료해산동성소학생가인적흡연현상급기대자녀흡연상관지식、태도화행위적영향,위유효개전소학생공연공작제공의거.방법 채용분층정군수궤추양적방법,재산동성동、중、서부각추취1개시진행감측,종중수궤추취농촌、성시소학각2소,사용자행편제적조사문권,대3～6년급적6 050명소학생급기가인진행자전、닉명조사.결과 산동성49.7％적소학생가중유인흡연,이격대가정최고,중조가정화대가정차지,피조사학생가정중적흡연자이부친화조부/외조부위주,연령＞10년적분별점43.4％화74.0％,일평균흡연량＞10지적분별점33.2％화38.4％,재가중흡연적위치이“도처흡”화“객청흡”위최다,분별위24.3％화37.2％.가인흡연적소학생상시흡연솔화현재흡연솔분별위7.7％화1.7％,명현고우가인불흡연학생적4.4％화0.8％.가인흡연여부적량류학생재흡연유관적대부분행위、태도차이유통계학의의.결론 산동성소학생가인(우기시남성)흡연현상불용악관,가인시학생공연공작적중요조성부분화관건요소,응인기학교、사구화공연상관부문적중시,탐토괄의적방법대학생가인진행유효적공연선전화계연간예.
Objective To study the smoking status and influence of the families on pupils regarding smoking-related knowledge,attitudes and behavior,in Shandong province.Methods A multi-stage stratified-cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 6 050 students and their families in 3 different cities.A self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted by trained investigators.Results The overall passive smoking rate at households of the pupils was 49.7％ in Shandong province and appeared the highest in separate families,followed by in re-organized families and multiple-generation families under the same roofs.Major smokers in the families were fathers and grandfathers,with 43.4％ of the fathers and 74.0％ of the grandfathers had smoking histories for more than 10 years.The main smoking places at home were "elsewhere" or in the "living room".Attempting and current smoking rates of the families were 7.7％ and 1.7％ respectively,significantly higher than those families with no smokers.There was significant difference in smoking associated behavior and attitude between pupils whose family members with smoking habits or without.Conclusion The status of smoking in the families of the pupil' s family was not optimistic in Shandong province,especially in the families of the male students.Since smoking status of the families played an important role on their children,it is necessary to explore suitable health education model to improve the smoking associated behaviors in the families.