CAJ | 학술논문

松喀尔苏铜金矿床位于卡拉麦里石炭纪陆相火山岩带，属于与陆相火山–侵入岩有关的斑岩型铜金矿床。文章分析了火山构造系统、及其控制作用和构造应力场，结合区域构造演化，探讨了矿床控矿火山构造演化和机制，构建了控矿模式。研究表明：(1)火山构造系统依次分类为陆相火山岩带→火山构造盆地→破火山口(火山穹窿)。控矿火山构造类型是具有环状和放射状断裂的破火山口构造。(2)火山构造系统控矿作用表现在 NW 走向的区域深大断裂控制火山构造盆地， NW走向的基底断层控制串珠状破火山口构造，赋存于泥盆系基底内的破火山口构造以及派生的EW走向和SN走向的火山断裂交汇部位控制含矿斑岩体侵入和矿化带形成，岩体侵入过程中发生的侵入接触带构造控制矿体和矿化类型， NE走向断裂和剪切裂隙密集带则有利于矿化的叠加。(3)构造系统从主断裂构造带系统向基底断层系统、火山断裂系统和岩体接触带系统依次演化。控矿构造作用与晚泥盆世–早石炭世早中期SN向构造作用和早石炭世晚期–二叠纪NW向构造作用有关：晚泥盆世–早石炭世早中期， SN向挤压构造作用引发NW走向的断层右行走滑剪切、块体顺时针旋转和火山构造控矿系统；早石炭世晚期–二叠纪，来自SN方向和EW方向联合挤压作用下产生的NW方向的构造作用，使得火山断裂构造进一步发育，引起 NE 走向剪切面理的叠加改造、陆相火山岩线状分布和浅成低温金成矿作用。(4)后碰撞早期挤压–伸展转换环境，早期SN向持续缩短和后期NW向构造作用使构造体制转换，诱发深部岩石圈拆沉作用和软流圈地幔底侵作用，是斑岩型铜金成矿作用和控矿火山构造演化的重要机制。(5)控矿模式明确接触带和斑岩型为主要矿化部位和勘查类型，外围北东侧岩体与接触带是重要勘查区域。鬆喀爾囌銅金礦床位于卡拉麥裏石炭紀陸相火山巖帶，屬于與陸相火山–侵入巖有關的斑巖型銅金礦床。文章分析瞭火山構造繫統、及其控製作用和構造應力場，結閤區域構造縯化，探討瞭礦床控礦火山構造縯化和機製，構建瞭控礦模式。研究錶明：(1)火山構造繫統依次分類為陸相火山巖帶→火山構造盆地→破火山口(火山穹窿)。控礦火山構造類型是具有環狀和放射狀斷裂的破火山口構造。(2)火山構造繫統控礦作用錶現在 NW 走嚮的區域深大斷裂控製火山構造盆地， NW走嚮的基底斷層控製串珠狀破火山口構造，賦存于泥盆繫基底內的破火山口構造以及派生的EW走嚮和SN走嚮的火山斷裂交彙部位控製含礦斑巖體侵入和礦化帶形成，巖體侵入過程中髮生的侵入接觸帶構造控製礦體和礦化類型， NE走嚮斷裂和剪切裂隙密集帶則有利于礦化的疊加。(3)構造繫統從主斷裂構造帶繫統嚮基底斷層繫統、火山斷裂繫統和巖體接觸帶繫統依次縯化。控礦構造作用與晚泥盆世–早石炭世早中期SN嚮構造作用和早石炭世晚期–二疊紀NW嚮構造作用有關：晚泥盆世–早石炭世早中期， SN嚮擠壓構造作用引髮NW走嚮的斷層右行走滑剪切、塊體順時針鏇轉和火山構造控礦繫統；早石炭世晚期–二疊紀，來自SN方嚮和EW方嚮聯閤擠壓作用下產生的NW方嚮的構造作用，使得火山斷裂構造進一步髮育，引起 NE 走嚮剪切麵理的疊加改造、陸相火山巖線狀分佈和淺成低溫金成礦作用。(4)後踫撞早期擠壓–伸展轉換環境，早期SN嚮持續縮短和後期NW嚮構造作用使構造體製轉換，誘髮深部巖石圈拆沉作用和軟流圈地幔底侵作用，是斑巖型銅金成礦作用和控礦火山構造縯化的重要機製。(5)控礦模式明確接觸帶和斑巖型為主要礦化部位和勘查類型，外圍北東側巖體與接觸帶是重要勘查區域。
송객이소동금광상위우잡랍맥리석탄기륙상화산암대，속우여륙상화산–침입암유관적반암형동금광상。문장분석료화산구조계통、급기공제작용화구조응력장，결합구역구조연화，탐토료광상공광화산구조연화화궤제，구건료공광모식。연구표명：(1)화산구조계통의차분류위륙상화산암대→화산구조분지→파화산구(화산궁륭)。공광화산구조류형시구유배상화방사상단렬적파화산구구조。(2)화산구조계통공광작용표현재 NW 주향적구역심대단렬공제화산구조분지， NW주향적기저단층공제천주상파화산구구조，부존우니분계기저내적파화산구구조이급파생적EW주향화SN주향적화산단렬교회부위공제함광반암체침입화광화대형성，암체침입과정중발생적침입접촉대구조공제광체화광화류형， NE주향단렬화전절렬극밀집대칙유리우광화적첩가。(3)구조계통종주단렬구조대계통향기저단층계통、화산단렬계통화암체접촉대계통의차연화。공광구조작용여만니분세–조석탄세조중기SN향구조작용화조석탄세만기–이첩기NW향구조작용유관：만니분세–조석탄세조중기， SN향제압구조작용인발NW주향적단층우행주활전절、괴체순시침선전화화산구조공광계통；조석탄세만기–이첩기，래자SN방향화EW방향연합제압작용하산생적NW방향적구조작용，사득화산단렬구조진일보발육，인기 NE 주향전절면리적첩가개조、륙상화산암선상분포화천성저온금성광작용。(4)후팽당조기제압–신전전환배경，조기SN향지속축단화후기NW향구조작용사구조체제전환，유발심부암석권탁침작용화연류권지만저침작용，시반암형동금성광작용화공광화산구조연화적중요궤제。(5)공광모식명학접촉대화반암형위주요광화부위화감사류형，외위북동측암체여접촉대시중요감사구역。
The Songkaersu Cu-Au deposit is located in the south part of the Karamaili tectonic belt and is related to the continental volcanic rocks in Carboniferous continental volcanic belt. Based on studying the lithofacies, patterns, features and stress field of the ore-controlling volcanic structural systems, this paper discusses its evolution, mechanism and model. Our study indicated that (1) the volcanic structural systems are composed of regional continental volcanic belt, volcano-tectonic depression, and caldera (dome), at different scales;(2) The ore-forming processes are controlled by the volcanic structural systems. It has proved that the volcano-tectonic depression is restricted by regional NW-trending deep-seated faults, and one of the caldera groups with ring and radial faults defined by the Devonian basement in the ore field. Both host porphyry and its mineralization extent are defined by the convergence of the SN- and EW-trending volcanic faults. Moreover, the ore-bodies and mineralization type are related to their spatial association with the host porphyry, and the NE-trending faults also contributed to the superposition of the Au mineralization;(3) Tectonic systems include levels from dominant fault systems to basement fault systems, volcanic fault systems, and intrusive contact structure systems. Ore-controlling tectonic processes are related to stress of different period, with SN stress from Late Devonian to Early-Middle Carboniferous and NW stress from Late Carboniferous to Permian. The SN stress could display as NW-trending dextral strike-slip faults, clockwise rotary of adjacent block, and beginning of volcano-tectonic systems. The NW stress could show as volcano faults, superimposed the NE trend slip joints, with linear distribution of volcanic rocks, and epithermal Au mineralization; (4) The conversion of the SN stress and NW stress resulted in lithospheric delamination and asthenosphere mantle underplating under post-collisional environment; (5) The ore mineralization occurs mainly in the contact of the porphyry and the origin of the deposit is of porphyry-type. The main exploration targets are inferred to be the NE part of host porphyry and the contact.