农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2015年
15期
247-254
,共8页
刘耀林%范建彬%孔雪松%刘艳芳
劉耀林%範建彬%孔雪鬆%劉豔芳
류요림%범건빈%공설송%류염방
土地利用%整治%分区%农村居民点%可达性%模式
土地利用%整治%分區%農村居民點%可達性%模式
토지이용%정치%분구%농촌거민점%가체성%모식
land use%consolidation%zoning%rural residential land%accessibility%mode
农村居民点整治应满足农户生产生活的需求,提高农村居民点的生产生活可达性。该文从生产生活可达性切入,以农村居民点生产生活可达性作为整治分区和采取何种整治模式的依据,从生产可达性和生活可达性两方面出发构建生产生活可达性评价指标体系,采用空间可达性测度方法和指标综合评判法计算得到农村居民点(斑块)生产生活可达性,将其分为I、II、III、IV 4个等级,分别对应发展区、优化区、引导区和拆迁区。根据整治分区并结合实际情况,划分了城镇化发展模式、城乡统筹发展模式、综合优化模式、辐射引导模式、增减挂钩模式和生态搬迁模式等6种整治模式,并对整治思路和具体做法做了探讨。该研究尝试将生产生活可达性评价结果应用于农村居民点整治,对有序整治农村居民点和改善提高农村人居环境有指导意义。
農村居民點整治應滿足農戶生產生活的需求,提高農村居民點的生產生活可達性。該文從生產生活可達性切入,以農村居民點生產生活可達性作為整治分區和採取何種整治模式的依據,從生產可達性和生活可達性兩方麵齣髮構建生產生活可達性評價指標體繫,採用空間可達性測度方法和指標綜閤評判法計算得到農村居民點(斑塊)生產生活可達性,將其分為I、II、III、IV 4箇等級,分彆對應髮展區、優化區、引導區和拆遷區。根據整治分區併結閤實際情況,劃分瞭城鎮化髮展模式、城鄉統籌髮展模式、綜閤優化模式、輻射引導模式、增減掛鉤模式和生態搬遷模式等6種整治模式,併對整治思路和具體做法做瞭探討。該研究嘗試將生產生活可達性評價結果應用于農村居民點整治,對有序整治農村居民點和改善提高農村人居環境有指導意義。
농촌거민점정치응만족농호생산생활적수구,제고농촌거민점적생산생활가체성。해문종생산생활가체성절입,이농촌거민점생산생활가체성작위정치분구화채취하충정치모식적의거,종생산가체성화생활가체성량방면출발구건생산생활가체성평개지표체계,채용공간가체성측도방법화지표종합평판법계산득도농촌거민점(반괴)생산생활가체성,장기분위I、II、III、IV 4개등급,분별대응발전구、우화구、인도구화탁천구。근거정치분구병결합실제정황,화분료성진화발전모식、성향통주발전모식、종합우화모식、복사인도모식、증감괘구모식화생태반천모식등6충정치모식,병대정치사로화구체주법주료탐토。해연구상시장생산생활가체성평개결과응용우농촌거민점정치,대유서정치농촌거민점화개선제고농촌인거배경유지도의의。
The consolidation of rural residential land should meet the needs of farmers for their life and for agriculture production, and improve the accessibility to production and living facilities. In this paper, we started with the accessibility to production and living facilities and used the accessibility to production and living facilities in rural residential land as the basis for deciding different zones for consolidation and what consolidation modes to adopt. Firstly, we built an indicator system for assessing the accessibility in terms of the two aspects, the production accessibility and living facilities accessibility. Production accessibility was based on the consideration of both agricultural production sites and non-agricultural employment places. While the living facilities accessibility was based on the accessibility of education, medical care, commercial and recreational facilities. Then, we used the time-cost to demonstrate the accessibility. On the basis of setting the passage time of unit distance (30 m) on the lands of different function, measure the accessibility of various facilities using Path Distance Tool of ARCGIS 10.0 with elevation as its correction factor. After that, by using indicator comprehensive judgment method, and superimposing with map layer of rural residential land, we obtained the accessibility to production and living facilities of rural residential land, which was divided into four grades I, II, III and IV, corresponding to development zone, optimization zone, guidance zone and demolition zone, respectively. Finally, according to different zones of consolidation and the actual situation, six modes of consolidation were presented, including urbanization development mode, urban and rural overall development mode, comprehensive optimization mode, networking guidance mode, land-use increase and decrease linked mode and ecological relocation mode. In the development zone, rural residential lands located in the urban planning area were planned to follow urbanization development mode, while others were planned to follow urban and rural overall development mode. These rural residential lands had good accessibility to production and living facilities. They can connect with urban development and also can be used as a note of network for rural areas. The consolidation recommendation for them were 1) planning first, strengthening management, optimizing construction and facilitating industry development and providing preferential policies, supporting agriculture production, rural area development and farmers’ wellbeing, 2) encouraging industry development and constructing a better environment. Rural residential lands in optimization zone were planned to use comprehensive optimization mode, which combined land consolidation and infrastructure optimization and optimized land use and infrastructure arrangement to improve the accessibility to production and living facilities as well as the working and living conditions of farmers. The rural residential lands in guidance zone with large scale, high quality roads construction and convenience to connect to the development zone and optimization zone were chosen to follow network guidance mode, while others were in increase and decrease linked mode. These two modes combined small parts to build several large and well-functional rural residential lands. This can help to improve the accessibility to production and living facilities and to connect other residential lands, and to guide and attract residential lands to be centralized. Ecological relocation mode was planned for the rural residential lands in demolition zone with fragile environment and poor accessibility to production and living facilities. Integral relocation was necessary for them to protect the environment and optimize the entire arrangement of rural residential lands. The study tries to apply the results of assessing the accessibility to production and living facilities in the consolidation of rural residential land, which was of directive significance to orderly consolidate rural residential land and improving the rural living environment.