CAJ | 학술논문

生态补偿标准的确定是生态补偿研究的核心问题，利用生态足迹进行生态补偿标准研究更具科学性，但区域层面的生态足迹不应全部核算区域在生产和生活中所需要的生态足迹，而应核算本区域无法避免的、一定要由本区域生产或由本区域吸纳的生态足迹，即污染足迹．该文构建了基于污染足迹的生态补偿标准模型，并利用该模型对广州市区域内的生态补偿标准进行研究：以广州2010年4类主要污染物排放量为核算目标，按照三大产业将人口分为三大组群，分别计算三大组群的人均污染足迹和人均污染足迹效率，并以广州市平均生态状况为基准分别计算三大组群的补偿或受偿标准．研究结果表明，广州第一、第三产业因出让污染足迹应分别获得673.79亿元和19267.28亿元的生态补偿，而第二产业因多占用生态足迹，在生态补偿中应支付2070.37亿元．基于污染足迹的生态补偿标准研究尝试将污染足迹理论引入生态补偿标准研究，不仅可以丰富生态足迹理论内涵，而且可为生态补偿标准研究提供有益参考．
생태보상표준적학정시생태보상연구적핵심문제，이용생태족적진행생태보상표준연구경구과학성，단구역층면적생태족적불응전부핵산구역재생산화생활중소수요적생태족적，이응핵산본구역무법피면적、일정요유본구역생산혹유본구역흡납적생태족적，즉오염족적．해문구건료기우오염족적적생태보상표준모형，병이용해모형대엄주시구역내적생태보상표준진행연구：이엄주2010년4류주요오염물배방량위핵산목표，안조삼대산업장인구분위삼대조군，분별계산삼대조군적인균오염족적화인균오염족적효솔，병이엄주시평균생태상황위기준분별계산삼대조군적보상혹수상표준．연구결과표명，엄주제일、제삼산업인출양오염족적응분별획득673.79억원화19267.28억원적생태보상，이제이산업인다점용생태족적，재생태보상중응지부2070.37억원．기우오염족적적생태보상표준연구상시장오염족적이론인입생태보상표준연구，불부가이봉부생태족적이론내함，이차가위생태보상표준연구제공유익삼고．
The establishment of standards in ecological compensation is a core issue in ecological compensation re-search.While it is more scientific to study ecological compensation standard by using the ecological footprint.The ecological footprint of regional level should not encompass all what is needed in production and living.What should be accounted, instead, is ecological footprint that cannot be avoided and must be produced or absorbed by this re-gion, namely the pollution footprint.A model of the standards for ecological compensation is devised, based on the concept of pollution footprint and a case study of Guangzhou.Using four types of main pollutant emissions in 2010 in Guangzhou as the criteria of calculation, the per-capital efficiency of pollution footprint and pollution footprint of the three groups are calculated separately, according to the three major industrial sectors.Then the compensation of the three groups is calculated respectively by the standard set with regard to the average ecological conditions in Guangzhou.The results show that the primary and the tertiary industry, due to the transfer of pollution footprint, should be compensated 67.379 billion yuan and 1.926728 trillion yuan respectively, and the secondary industry, for more share of the ecological footprint, should pay 207.037 billion yuan in the ecological compensation.The re-search attempts to introduce pollution footprint theory into the research of the standard on ecological compensation. It can not only enrich the conceptual richness of the ecological footprint theory, but also provide useful empirical materials for the research on ecological compensation standard.