CAJ | 학술논문

企业R&D策略选择取决于竞争强度与知识溢出效应的大小，知识溢出效应大小又与知识产权保护强度密切相关。建立两阶段双寡头Cournot模型，分析市场竞争程度和知识溢出效应对企业R&D策略选择的影响及其背后的政策含义。研究发现：知识溢出效应高低与社会福利大小不存在简单的一一对应关系。竞争程度高、产品差别化小的行业，强度高的知识产权保护将减弱知识溢出效应和增强企业创新动力；竞争强度低、产品差别化大的行业，较低的知识产权保护有助于知识溢出，并提高社会的总体福利水平。对现行普适的不分行业特质的专利保护期制度提出质疑，并认为理想的知识产权保护期应与市场的竞争程度、技术等行业内外部特征相适应。为鼓励创新、提高社会福利水平，实践中需将知识产权保护和竞争政策有机结合起来，发挥政策合力。
기업R&D책략선택취결우경쟁강도여지식일출효응적대소，지식일출효응대소우여지식산권보호강도밀절상관。건립량계단쌍과두Cournot모형，분석시장경쟁정도화지식일출효응대기업R&D책략선택적영향급기배후적정책함의。연구발현：지식일출효응고저여사회복리대소불존재간단적일일대응관계。경쟁정도고、산품차별화소적행업，강도고적지식산권보호장감약지식일출효응화증강기업창신동력；경쟁강도저、산품차별화대적행업，교저적지식산권보호유조우지식일출，병제고사회적총체복이수평。대현행보괄적불분행업특질적전리보호기제도제출질의，병인위이상적지식산권보호기응여시장적경쟁정도、기술등행업내외부특정상괄응。위고려창신、제고사회복이수평，실천중수장지식산권보호화경쟁정책유궤결합기래，발휘정책합력。
Firm’s R&D strategy selection is relevant to internal and external characteristics,such as com-petition intensity and intellectual property right. Assuming the pursuit of social welfare maximization,the paper builds two-step Cournot duopoly model to analyse how competition intensity and spillover affect firm’s R&D strategy and policy implication. The study finds spillover effect and social welfare are not monotonic relation-·78· ship simply,and reducing IPR protection can enhance social welfare in special circumstance. For the same spillover effect,the higher degree of product differentiation,the higher of social welfare,which supports Schumpeter’s Hypotheses. The paper questions the exsiting universal patent protection system,and suggests that the ideal IPR protection should take market competition and technology characteristic into consideration. The authorities should combine IPR protection with competition policy in order to encourage innovation and im-prove social welfare.