CAJ | 학술논문

伴随粗放式经济高速增长而来的环境污染恶化问题正给我国新时期国民经济发展带来一系列负面影响。环境污染不仅影响经济增长质量和产业结构优化，而且会影响劳动力供给和跨区域流动。基于2003-2012年中国31个省（市、自治区）的面板数据，运用空间计量方法实证分析了环境污染对异质性劳动力流动产生的影响，结果显示：环境污染对劳动力流动具有显著影响；在环境污染的空间效应影响下，我国劳动力流动使得受教育程度低的劳动力呈现空间分散特征，受教育程度高的劳动力呈现空间集聚特征；环境污染效应使得异质性劳动力流动呈现“U”型规律。据此，提出控制环境污染、引导劳动力合理流动的政策建议。
반수조방식경제고속증장이래적배경오염악화문제정급아국신시기국민경제발전대래일계렬부면영향。배경오염불부영향경제증장질량화산업결구우화，이차회영향노동력공급화과구역류동。기우2003-2012년중국31개성（시、자치구）적면판수거，운용공간계량방법실증분석료배경오염대이질성노동력류동산생적영향，결과현시：배경오염대노동력류동구유현저영향；재배경오염적공간효응영향하，아국노동력류동사득수교육정도저적노동력정현공간분산특정，수교육정도고적노동력정현공간집취특정；배경오염효응사득이질성노동력류동정현“U”형규률。거차，제출공제배경오염、인도노동력합리류동적정책건의。
The rapid growth of China’s economy and the extensive mode of developments have brought worsening pollution. The pollution influences not only the economic growth and the improvement of industrial structure,but also the labor supply and the labor mobility between regions. Based on China’s 31 provinces’ 2003-2012 panel data,this paper uses methods of spatial econometrics and analyzes the impact of pollution on labor mobility with heterogeneity. The result shows:First,pollution has a significant effect on the labor mobility;Second,with the influence of spatial effects of pollution,the labor mobility makes the low-educat-ed labors present the phenomenon of spatial dispersion,and makes the high-educated labors agglomerate in the specific regions;Third,with the pollution effects,heterogeneous labors mobility presents U-shaped pat-tern. Based on these conclusions,this paper proposes the government should improve the environment to lead reasonable labor mobility.