实用临床医学
實用臨床醫學
실용림상의학
Practical Clinical Medicine
2015年
8期
86-89
,共4页
支气管扩张症%肺部影像%呼吸功能%高分辨CT
支氣管擴張癥%肺部影像%呼吸功能%高分辨CT
지기관확장증%폐부영상%호흡공능%고분변CT
bronchiectasis%lung image%respiratory function%high resolution CT
目的：总结住院支气管扩张症患者的临床特征，增强对支气管扩张症的认识。方法回顾性分析48例通过高分辨CT确诊的支气管扩张症患者的临床资料，对支气管扩张症患者的临床、肺部影像和呼吸功能特征进行分析。结果48例患者均可分型，其中柱状支气管扩张18例（37．5％），囊柱状支气管扩张16例（33．3％），囊状支气管扩张14例（29．2％）。临床表现为咯血19例（39．5％），胸闷21例（43．7％），咳嗽41例（85．4％），咳痰43例（89．5％），胸痛4例（8．3％），肺部湿啰音15例（31．2％）、干啰音13例（27．1％）；囊状支气管扩张症患者查体有肺部湿啰音的比例较柱状支气管扩张、囊柱状支气管扩张患者明显增高（P＜0．05）。33例患者（68．7％）有现症感染；与非现症感染者相比，现症感染者咳嗽、咳痰及胸闷症状均更为明显（P＜0．01），查体也更易闻及干啰音（P＜0．05）。48例患者肺功能各指标占预计值的平均值：1 s用力呼气容积（FEV1）为（62．26±22．68）％，用力肺活量（FVC）为（73．75±18．74）％，FEV1／FVC为（70．48±18．56）％，各类型支气管扩张症患者间的肺功能比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。结论囊状支气管扩张可能为病情较重类型，影像学如果发现此类支气管扩张需引起一定的重视。
目的：總結住院支氣管擴張癥患者的臨床特徵，增彊對支氣管擴張癥的認識。方法迴顧性分析48例通過高分辨CT確診的支氣管擴張癥患者的臨床資料，對支氣管擴張癥患者的臨床、肺部影像和呼吸功能特徵進行分析。結果48例患者均可分型，其中柱狀支氣管擴張18例（37．5％），囊柱狀支氣管擴張16例（33．3％），囊狀支氣管擴張14例（29．2％）。臨床錶現為咯血19例（39．5％），胸悶21例（43．7％），咳嗽41例（85．4％），咳痰43例（89．5％），胸痛4例（8．3％），肺部濕啰音15例（31．2％）、榦啰音13例（27．1％）；囊狀支氣管擴張癥患者查體有肺部濕啰音的比例較柱狀支氣管擴張、囊柱狀支氣管擴張患者明顯增高（P＜0．05）。33例患者（68．7％）有現癥感染；與非現癥感染者相比，現癥感染者咳嗽、咳痰及胸悶癥狀均更為明顯（P＜0．01），查體也更易聞及榦啰音（P＜0．05）。48例患者肺功能各指標佔預計值的平均值：1 s用力呼氣容積（FEV1）為（62．26±22．68）％，用力肺活量（FVC）為（73．75±18．74）％，FEV1／FVC為（70．48±18．56）％，各類型支氣管擴張癥患者間的肺功能比較差異均無統計學意義（均P＞0．05）。結論囊狀支氣管擴張可能為病情較重類型，影像學如果髮現此類支氣管擴張需引起一定的重視。
목적：총결주원지기관확장증환자적림상특정，증강대지기관확장증적인식。방법회고성분석48례통과고분변CT학진적지기관확장증환자적림상자료，대지기관확장증환자적림상、폐부영상화호흡공능특정진행분석。결과48례환자균가분형，기중주상지기관확장18례（37．5％），낭주상지기관확장16례（33．3％），낭상지기관확장14례（29．2％）。림상표현위각혈19례（39．5％），흉민21례（43．7％），해수41례（85．4％），해담43례（89．5％），흉통4례（8．3％），폐부습라음15례（31．2％）、간라음13례（27．1％）；낭상지기관확장증환자사체유폐부습라음적비례교주상지기관확장、낭주상지기관확장환자명현증고（P＜0．05）。33례환자（68．7％）유현증감염；여비현증감염자상비，현증감염자해수、해담급흉민증상균경위명현（P＜0．01），사체야경역문급간라음（P＜0．05）。48례환자폐공능각지표점예계치적평균치：1 s용력호기용적（FEV1）위（62．26±22．68）％，용력폐활량（FVC）위（73．75±18．74）％，FEV1／FVC위（70．48±18．56）％，각류형지기관확장증환자간적폐공능비교차이균무통계학의의（균P＞0．05）。결론낭상지기관확장가능위병정교중류형，영상학여과발현차류지기관확장수인기일정적중시。
Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of inpatients with bronchiecta-sis,and to enhance the understanding of bronchiectasis.Methods Clinical characteristics,lung images and respiratory function of 48 patients with bronchiectasis confirmed by high resolution CT were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 48 patients,18 (37.5%)had cylindrical bronchiectasis,1 6 (3 3 .3%) had cystic-cylindrical bronchiectasis,and 1 4 (2 9 .2%) had cystic bronchiectasis.Clinical manifestations showed hemoptysis in 1 9 patients (3 9 .5%),chest distress in 21 (43.7%),cough in 41 (85.4%),expectoration in 43 (89.5%),chest pain in 4 (8.3%),pul-monary moist rale in 15 (31.2%),and pulmonary dry rale in 13 (27.1%).The proportion of pa-tients with pulmonary moist rale among patients with cystic bronchiectasis was significantly high-er than that among patients with cylindrical bronchiectasis,as well as among patients with cystic-cylindrical bronchiectasis (P<0.05).Thirty-three (68.7%)of the 48 patients had current infec-tion.The symptoms cough,expectoration and chest distress in patients with current infection were more obvious than those in patients with non-current infection (P<0.01).Furthermore,dry rale in patients with current infection was easier to be heard than that in patients with non-current infection (P<0.05).The average forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1),forced vital ca-pacity (FVC)and FEV1/FVC were (62.26 ± 22.68)%,(73.75 ± 18.74)% and (70.48 ± 18.56)% of predicted,respectively.There were no significant differences in the lung function a-mong patients with different types of bronchiectasis (P>0.05).Conclusion Cystic bronchiecta-sis may be heavier than other types of bronchiectasis.The attention should be paid to the imaging findings of cystic bronchiectasis.
