CAJ | 학술논문

为研究不同分辨率和微物理方案对飑线阵风锋模拟的影响，利用 WRF 中尺度数值预报模式，对2009年6月5日发生在上海的一次飑线过程分别进行了3、1、0．5 km 水平分辨率和一、二阶矩微物理方案的理想试验。结果表明，模式水平分辨率和微物理方案对模拟飑线阵风锋有明显的影响。随模式水平分辨率的提高，模式模拟的飑线弓状回波结构更精细。与3 km分辨率相比，1和0．5 km 分辨率模式能很好模拟出飑线后部下沉气流和前部上升气流，模拟的冷池前沿最大风速相对更接近实况。二阶矩微物理方案更能模拟出飑线弓状回波前强后弱的结构特征和飑线过境地面降温幅度，模拟的飑线移动速度、冷池面积和强度、冷池前沿最大风速和雨水蒸发率等均小于一阶矩微物理方案的模拟值。采用1和0．5 km 模式水平分辨率及二阶矩微物理方案模式模拟的飑线与 WSR-88D 多普勒天气雷达探测实况更接近。模式分辨率的提高有利于模拟飑线的维持。对业务数值预报模式模拟飑线阵风锋而言，在计算条件允许的情况下，模式水平分辨率达1 km 并采用二阶矩微物理方案可能是需要的。结果还表明，冷池前沿最大风速、冷池强度、模式底层降温幅度、飑线移动速度与雨水蒸发率存在对应的变化趋势，飑线移动速度的变化对飑线阵风锋地面大风的预报有指示意义。改善数值模式对飑线阵风锋预报性能除需关注模式水平分辨率和微物理方案外，还需关注数值模式对雨水蒸发率的模拟能力。
위연구불동분변솔화미물리방안대박선진풍봉모의적영향，이용 WRF 중척도수치예보모식，대2009년6월5일발생재상해적일차박선과정분별진행료3、1、0．5 km 수평분변솔화일、이계구미물리방안적이상시험。결과표명，모식수평분변솔화미물리방안대모의박선진풍봉유명현적영향。수모식수평분변솔적제고，모식모의적박선궁상회파결구경정세。여3 km분변솔상비，1화0．5 km 분변솔모식능흔호모의출박선후부하침기류화전부상승기류，모의적랭지전연최대풍속상대경접근실황。이계구미물리방안경능모의출박선궁상회파전강후약적결구특정화박선과경지면강온폭도，모의적박선이동속도、랭지면적화강도、랭지전연최대풍속화우수증발솔등균소우일계구미물리방안적모의치。채용1화0．5 km 모식수평분변솔급이계구미물리방안모식모의적박선여 WSR-88D 다보륵천기뢰체탐측실황경접근。모식분변솔적제고유리우모의박선적유지。대업무수치예보모식모의박선진풍봉이언，재계산조건윤허적정황하，모식수평분변솔체1 km 병채용이계구미물리방안가능시수요적。결과환표명，랭지전연최대풍속、랭지강도、모식저층강온폭도、박선이동속도여우수증발솔존재대응적변화추세，박선이동속도적변화대박선진풍봉지면대풍적예보유지시의의。개선수치모식대박선진풍봉예보성능제수관주모식수평분변솔화미물리방안외，환수관주수치모식대우수증발솔적모의능력。
Using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting)model,the idealized simulations of the 5 June 2009 squall line event in the Shanghai area are conducted in this paper for exploring the influences of the different horizontal resolutions and mi-crophysical setups on the idealized simulations.Three different horizontal grid spacing,which are 3,1 km and 0.5 km,and two different microphysical setups,with single-moment and double-moment microphysics,are used.The results show that the simulations of the gust front of the squall line are sensitive to both horizontal resolution and microphysical setup.The higher-resolution model has higher performance on simulating the fine structure of the bow echo in the squall line.Comparing with 3 km,the simulation with 1 km or 0.5 km horizontal resolutions can produce the front updraft and the rear downdraft of squall line clearly with similar gusts to each other.The double-moment microphysics simulations can produce the more reasonable bow echo structure of squall line and drops in temperature on the surface with slower movement,less cold pool area and intensity, less gust and less rainwater evaporation than the single-moment microphysics.Comparison against the WSR-88D observations shows that 1 km or 0.5 km horizontal resolution with the double-moment microphysics setup produces more realistic simulation than the others.The finer resolution is benefitial to simulating the evolution of squall line.For simulating the gust front of squall line,the operational NWP model maybe requires 1 km horizontal resolution with the double-moment microphysics setup. Furthermore,the evolution of gust,cold pool intensity,rate of cooling in the bottom of model,propagation of squall line and rainwater evaporation show a similar trend of evolution.The propagation speed of squall line is indicative of gust forecast.For improving the NWP performance of gust prediction,not only must horizontal resolution and microphysics setup be paid more attentions to,but also rainwater evaporation simulation must be improved.