CAJ | 학술논문

从战略领导理论和竞争基础观出发，探讨交易型领导、竞争强度和技术创新三者的交互作用对企业绩效的影响。以182家中国高新技术企业数据为样本，用实证研究方法构建概念模型，通过分层回归分析和交互图的方法验证相关假设。研究结果表明，交易型领导下，企业倾向于选择产品创新而非过程创新。高竞争强度下，实施产品创新的企业比实施过程创新的企业拥有更高的绩效。交易型领导在竞争强度低时对绩效提升发挥较大的作用，而随着竞争强度增强则显示出对环境的不适应性。交易型领导、竞争强度和产品创新3项的交互作用负向影响企业绩效，即在竞争程度较低时，交易型领导较强且产品创新程度较高的企业拥有较好的绩效表现，交易型领导对绩效的贡献程度比产品创新高；而在竞争强度较强时，产品创新程度较高的企业拥有较高的绩效表现，交易型领导对绩效的贡献程度不明显。该研究有助于企业在不同的竞争强度下完成领导风格和创新模式的转变，使企业在管理实践中改善绩效。
종전략령도이론화경쟁기출관출발，탐토교역형령도、경쟁강도화기술창신삼자적교호작용대기업적효적영향。이182가중국고신기술기업수거위양본，용실증연구방법구건개념모형，통과분층회귀분석화교호도적방법험증상관가설。연구결과표명，교역형령도하，기업경향우선택산품창신이비과정창신。고경쟁강도하，실시산품창신적기업비실시과정창신적기업옹유경고적적효。교역형령도재경쟁강도저시대적효제승발휘교대적작용，이수착경쟁강도증강칙현시출대배경적불괄응성。교역형령도、경쟁강도화산품창신3항적교호작용부향영향기업적효，즉재경쟁정도교저시，교역형령도교강차산품창신정도교고적기업옹유교호적적효표현，교역형령도대적효적공헌정도비산품창신고；이재경쟁강도교강시，산품창신정도교고적기업옹유교고적적효표현，교역형령도대적효적공헌정도불명현。해연구유조우기업재불동적경쟁강도하완성령도풍격화창신모식적전변，사기업재관리실천중개선적효。
Based on strategic leadership theory and competitive-based view, this research finds out the three-way interaction effects of transactional leadership, competitive intensity and technological innovation ( i.e., product and process innovation) on firm performance by detecting three-way interactions.Technological innovation is an important research topic that has stimulated significant interest among management scholars and practitioners.It also has been suggested to be a critical factor affecting firm performance.Numerous studies have documented that technological innovation positively influences firm performance, which is conceptualized as the degree to which a product or process has achieved its market share, sales, rates of asset return, rates of in-vestment return, and profit objectives.However, there is a lack of studies examining the interactions with which technological in-novation influences firm performance at the firm level.Therefore, this study investigate the processes with which such interaction effects are achieved and determine whether transactional leadership and competitive intensity as moderating factors influence this effect.To test the hypotheses, data were collected from 182 high-tech enterprises in China.By using the method of hierarchical regression analysis and three-way interaction, this paper finds that firms under transactional leadership would more likely conduct product innovation than process innovation.Firms conducting product innovation will get better performance than those conducting process innovations as competitions are intensified.Transactional leadership plays an important role in promoting performance when competition is moderate, but its functions weak as competitions are intensified.Moreover, the three-way interaction effort of transactional leadership, competitive intensity and product innovation is negatively related to firm performance.That is to say, firms with strong transactional leadership and high product innovation will have better performance in moderate competitive envi-ronment.What′s more, transactional leadership contributes more to performance than product innovation.But given the intense competitive environment, firms with product innovation will have better performance.However, transactional leadership has no significant contribution to performance.These findings indicate that firms operating in China should consider using technological innovation and having their leadership adapted to changing competitive environments.In moderate competitive environment, firms should adopt regularized development path by detecting contract management methods of transactional leaders.And as competitive environment is intensified, firms should transform their leadership styles with more flexibility and strengthen product innovation to achieve competitive advantages.Hence, this study is helpful for firms to adopt appropriate leadership, transform innovation strat-egy, and achieve better performance.