CAJ | 학술논문

一直以来，如何从整体上界定卢梭思想的问题域都是争论不休的难题。若从个体与社会生活之间的构成性关系切入，卢梭思想的核心乃是如何化解绝对性个体主义给现代社会带来的瓦解危机，亦即如何治疗现代人脱离“社会”的顽固倾向，进而建设一种由道德个体组成的社会伦理生活。不仅如此，更重要的是，卢梭的方案并不取消个体自由，而是在承认个体自由的基础上进行多层次的引导和补救：挖掘人性中的被动性；肯定社会机体内在的自我生成机制；引导现代个体迈向自然宗教及其神圣秩序；重新发掘“民情”对个体的习染作用；为个体的道德自由找到公意政治的支持。
일직이래，여하종정체상계정로사사상적문제역도시쟁론불휴적난제。약종개체여사회생활지간적구성성관계절입，로사사상적핵심내시여하화해절대성개체주의급현대사회대래적와해위궤，역즉여하치료현대인탈리“사회”적완고경향，진이건설일충유도덕개체조성적사회윤리생활。불부여차，경중요적시，로사적방안병불취소개체자유，이시재승인개체자유적기출상진행다층차적인도화보구：알굴인성중적피동성；긍정사회궤체내재적자아생성궤제；인도현대개체매향자연종교급기신골질서；중신발굴“민정”대개체적습염작용；위개체적도덕자유조도공의정치적지지。
How to define the problem scope of Rousseau’s thoughts on the whole has long been at issue. If we discuss it from the formation relationship between individuals and social life,the core of Rousseau’s is how to eliminate the crisis of modern society brought about by absolute individualism,that is,how to cure modern people’s stubborn tendencies of detaching themselves from society,thereby establishing a kind of social ethi-cal life among moral individuals. To be more important,Rousseau in his plan did not limit individual’s free-dom,but further confirmed various guidance and remedies on the basis of individual’s freedom,dug out the passive in human nature,confirmed self-creation mechanism within social organism,guided modern individu-als toward nature and religion as well as holy order,recovered the impact of“social mores”upon individuals, and helped individual’s moral freedom find out the support from public politics.