中国奶牛
中國奶牛
중국내우
CHINA DAIRY CATTLE
2015年
14期
27-32
,共6页
结核分枝杆菌%非编码RNA%基因表达%基因调控
結覈分枝桿菌%非編碼RNA%基因錶達%基因調控
결핵분지간균%비편마RNA%기인표체%기인조공
Mycobacterium tuberculosis%Non-coding RNA%Gene expression%Gene regulation
结核分枝杆菌引起的结核病仍然是全球危害最严重的疾病之一，由于结核分枝杆菌耐药性增强和艾滋病蔓延，结核病又有卷土重来之势。非编码RNA(non-codingRNA,ncRNA)具有基因调控作用。结核分枝杆菌相关的非编码RNA分为细菌体内的sRNA（smallRNA）和宿主体内的非编码RNA两大类，其中现已发现结核分枝杆菌内有5’和3’端非编码RNA、反义转录产物、基因间sRNA等多种ncRNA，其多以与靶基因碱基互补影响靶基因表达。宿主细胞内有微小RNA和长非编码RNA，这两类非编码RNA功能与作用机制不尽相同。微小RNA作用机制与细菌内sRNA类似，其中miR-155等是研究的热点；长非编码RNA的研究才刚刚兴起，其功能比微小RNA更加广泛，将会成为未来的热门研究领域。研究这两大类非编码RNA对于理解结核分枝杆菌在宿主细胞中的存活机制及致病机理以帮助研发新型疫苗、药物诊断方法等有着非常重要的意义。
結覈分枝桿菌引起的結覈病仍然是全毬危害最嚴重的疾病之一，由于結覈分枝桿菌耐藥性增彊和艾滋病蔓延，結覈病又有捲土重來之勢。非編碼RNA(non-codingRNA,ncRNA)具有基因調控作用。結覈分枝桿菌相關的非編碼RNA分為細菌體內的sRNA（smallRNA）和宿主體內的非編碼RNA兩大類，其中現已髮現結覈分枝桿菌內有5’和3’耑非編碼RNA、反義轉錄產物、基因間sRNA等多種ncRNA，其多以與靶基因堿基互補影響靶基因錶達。宿主細胞內有微小RNA和長非編碼RNA，這兩類非編碼RNA功能與作用機製不儘相同。微小RNA作用機製與細菌內sRNA類似，其中miR-155等是研究的熱點；長非編碼RNA的研究纔剛剛興起，其功能比微小RNA更加廣汎，將會成為未來的熱門研究領域。研究這兩大類非編碼RNA對于理解結覈分枝桿菌在宿主細胞中的存活機製及緻病機理以幫助研髮新型疫苗、藥物診斷方法等有著非常重要的意義。
결핵분지간균인기적결핵병잉연시전구위해최엄중적질병지일，유우결핵분지간균내약성증강화애자병만연，결핵병우유권토중래지세。비편마RNA(non-codingRNA,ncRNA)구유기인조공작용。결핵분지간균상관적비편마RNA분위세균체내적sRNA（smallRNA）화숙주체내적비편마RNA량대류，기중현이발현결핵분지간균내유5’화3’단비편마RNA、반의전록산물、기인간sRNA등다충ncRNA，기다이여파기인감기호보영향파기인표체。숙주세포내유미소RNA화장비편마RNA，저량류비편마RNA공능여작용궤제불진상동。미소RNA작용궤제여세균내sRNA유사，기중miR-155등시연구적열점；장비편마RNA적연구재강강흥기，기공능비미소RNA경가엄범，장회성위미래적열문연구영역。연구저량대류비편마RNA대우리해결핵분지간균재숙주세포중적존활궤제급치병궤리이방조연발신형역묘、약물진단방법등유착비상중요적의의。
Tuberculosis(TB)caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosisstill poses a major threat to human. Recently we have seen a recrudescence of the disease blaming on the appearance of drug-resistance bacteria and the spread of TB/HIV co-infection.Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) regulate gene expression which related to the mechanism of bacteria survival in host immune cell and pathogenesis. Non-coding RNA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis divided into two classes, one type is in bacteria and another type is in host cells. This summary briefly reviewed recent studies of non-coding RNA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (5’ and 3’ UTR ncRNAs, antisense ncRNAs, intergenic ncRNAs)and host cells(microRNA and long ncRNA). NcRNAs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis play a role in the form of complementary base pairing while microRNA in host cells has a similar mechanism of action. What is worth mentioning, miR-155 is a hot-spot in this area. Long ncRNA even has more extensive and sophisticated functions, which should be the next hot research ifeld in near future. It is signiifcantly important for developing new vaccines, new drugs and new diagnostics by researching non-coding RNA regulation of gene expression.
