CAJ | 학술논문

以红豆草、红三叶、鸭茅、无芒雀麦和猫尾草5种豆科和禾本科牧草,在豆科牧草与禾本科牧草比例6∶4、5∶5和4∶6条件下,分别以2种和5种牧草混播,建立同行及1∶1行、2∶2行和3∶3行异行混播草地。依据2012－2013年各混播组合的株高、植株密度、相对密度、相对产量总和及竞争力,分析了异行混播与同行混播豆禾牧草种间竞争关系的变化。结果表明：与同行混播相比,1∶1行、2∶2行和3∶3行异行混播下,鸭茅、无芒雀麦、红豆草垂直方向上的竞争等级未发生改变,位置较低的红三叶竞争等级增加,抑制了发育较迟的猫尾草；从水平空间上看,异行混播下各混播种类密度和相对密度较同行混播增加,豆禾牧草水平空间上的竞争强度下降。与单播相比,同行混播和异行混播的资源利用效率均得到改善；与同行混播相比,异行混播改善了豆科牧草光资源获取环境,减缓了禾草侵占能力的优势,其竞争力增加；增加豆科牧草混播比例也有利于提高豆科牧草的竞争力。因此,从同行混播转为异行混播,可调整混播豆禾牧草的种间竞争强度,有利于豆禾牧草的共存。
이홍두초、홍삼협、압모、무망작맥화묘미초5충두과화화본과목초,재두과목초여화본과목초비례6∶4、5∶5화4∶6조건하,분별이2충화5충목초혼파,건립동행급1∶1행、2∶2행화3∶3행이행혼파초지。의거2012－2013년각혼파조합적주고、식주밀도、상대밀도、상대산량총화급경쟁력,분석료이행혼파여동행혼파두화목초충간경쟁관계적변화。결과표명：여동행혼파상비,1∶1행、2∶2행화3∶3행이행혼파하,압모、무망작맥、홍두초수직방향상적경쟁등급미발생개변,위치교저적홍삼협경쟁등급증가,억제료발육교지적묘미초；종수평공간상간,이행혼파하각혼파충류밀도화상대밀도교동행혼파증가,두화목초수평공간상적경쟁강도하강。여단파상비,동행혼파화이행혼파적자원이용효솔균득도개선；여동행혼파상비,이행혼파개선료두과목초광자원획취배경,감완료화초침점능력적우세,기경쟁력증가；증가두과목초혼파비례야유리우제고두과목초적경쟁력。인차,종동행혼파전위이행혼파,가조정혼파두화목초적충간경쟁강도,유리우두화목초적공존。
The six indexes including plant height,plant density,grass relative density,legume relative density,relative yield total and competitive ratios were selected which could reflect the legume and grass relationship of interspecific competition in 2012-2013.The mixed patterns included two legume-grass com-binations:5,2 species mixture at three sowing ratios of legume∶grass (6 ∶4,5 ∶5,4∶6),mixed crop-ping and intercropping respectively.The mixed plants were Onobrychis viciaefolia ,Trifolium pratense , Dactylis glomerata ,Bromus inermis ,Phleum pratense .The results showed that the competitive ability of O .viciaefolia ,D .glomerata and B .inermis did not change from mixed cropping to intercropping.And the competitive ability of Ph .pretense was suppressed,the competitive ability of T .pretense was improved on vertical direction .From mixed cropping to intercropping ,the competitive intensities of legume and grass decreased,the coexistence probability of legume and grass increased on horizontal direction.As compared with intercropping,the use efficiency of resources from mixed cropping to intercropping were both im-proved;As compared with mixed cropping,intercropping improved legume-grass resource invironment and decreased predominance of grass invasion ability.Increasing the ratio of legame-grass mixtrues also im-proved the increasing competitive ability.Therefore,transfering from mixed cropping to intercropping can adjust the competitive interspecific intersity of mixed legume-grass and improved coexistence of grass and legume.