CAJ | 학술논문

采用野外采样和室内试验相结合的方法,对渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲不同作物类型农田表层土壤盐分离子含量进行分析,为干旱区绿洲农田土壤盐渍化的治理、合理利用及因地制宜的精准改良提供一定的理论依据。结果表明：土壤总盐含量为3.43 g/kg,属于轻度盐渍化,其中棉田最高为5.28 g/kg,谷物地最低为1.60 g/kg；土壤呈微碱性。各盐分离子中SO2-4比重最大,表层土壤以硫酸盐类盐渍土为主。在阴离子中,SO2-4比重最高,其中在果林地最高,在棉田最低；在阳离子中,K++Na+比重最高,其中在混合作物地最高,在棉田最低。农田表层土壤总盐分含量与Ca2+含量呈极显著正相关；Mg2+含量与pH值呈显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著正相关,与HCO3-含量呈显著负相关。棉田表层土壤总盐分含量与Ca2+含量呈极显著正相关,Mg2+含量与Cl-含量呈极显著正相关。谷物地、混合作物地和果林地表层土壤总盐分含量与K++ Na+、SO2-4含量呈极显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著负相关,与pH值呈显著正相关；Ca2+含量与Mg2+含量呈极显著正相关；SO2-4含量与pH值呈显著正相关,与K++Na+含量呈极显著正相关,与Cl-含量呈极显著负相关；Cl-含量与K++Na+含量、pH值均呈极显著负相关。表层土壤总盐分在空间上从绿洲内部向外围及扇缘逐渐增多,非盐渍化与轻度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲内部及东北部,中度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲的南缘,重度盐渍化土壤主要分布于绿洲的西岸、外围与扇缘地带。
채용야외채양화실내시험상결합적방법,대위간하-고차하삼각주록주불동작물류형농전표층토양염분리자함량진행분석,위간한구록주농전토양염지화적치리、합리이용급인지제의적정준개량제공일정적이론의거。결과표명：토양총염함량위3.43 g/kg,속우경도염지화,기중면전최고위5.28 g/kg,곡물지최저위1.60 g/kg；토양정미감성。각염분리자중SO2-4비중최대,표층토양이류산염류염지토위주。재음리자중,SO2-4비중최고,기중재과임지최고,재면전최저；재양리자중,K++Na+비중최고,기중재혼합작물지최고,재면전최저。농전표층토양총염분함량여Ca2+함량정겁현저정상관；Mg2+함량여pH치정현저정상관,여Cl-함량정겁현저정상관,여HCO3-함량정현저부상관。면전표층토양총염분함량여Ca2+함량정겁현저정상관,Mg2+함량여Cl-함량정겁현저정상관。곡물지、혼합작물지화과임지표층토양총염분함량여K++ Na+、SO2-4함량정겁현저정상관,여Cl-함량정겁현저부상관,여pH치정현저정상관；Ca2+함량여Mg2+함량정겁현저정상관；SO2-4함량여pH치정현저정상관,여K++Na+함량정겁현저정상관,여Cl-함량정겁현저부상관；Cl-함량여K++Na+함량、pH치균정겁현저부상관。표층토양총염분재공간상종록주내부향외위급선연축점증다,비염지화여경도염지화토양주요분포우록주내부급동북부,중도염지화토양주요분포우록주적남연,중도염지화토양주요분포우록주적서안、외위여선연지대。
Combining field sampling with laboratory experiments,farmland surface soil salt content from different land use types were analyzed in Weigan-Kuqa river delta oasis. The results showed that total soil salt content was 3. 43 g/kg,belonging to mild salinization,the cotton field had the highest value of 5. 28 g/kg,the grain field had the lowest value of 1. 60 g/kg;the soil was slightly alkaline. SO2-4 had the largest portion among all salt ions,surface soil consisted mainly of sulfates saline soil. Among anions,SO2-4 had the largest portion,the fruit trees field had the highest value,and the cotton field had the lowest value;among cations,the portion of K+ +Na+were the largest,the mixed crop field had the highest value,and the cotton field had the lowest value. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between farmland total salt content and Ca2+content,significant positive correlation between Mg2+content and pH value,extremely significant positive correlation between Mg2+ content and Cl- content, and significant negative correlation between Mg2+content and HCO3-content. There was a extremely significant positive correlation between surface soil total salt content and Ca2+ content, extremely significant positive correlation between Mg2+content and Cl-content in cotton field. The total surface soil salt content were extremely significant positively correlated with K+ + Na+ content, SO2-4 content, extremely significant negatively correlated with Cl-content, and significantly positively correlated with pH value;there was a extremely significant positive correlation between Ca2+ content and Mg2+ content, significant positive correlation between SO2-4 content and pH value, extremely significant positive correlation between SO2-4 content and K+ +Na+content, and significant negative correlation between SO2-4 content and Cl-content;Cl-content was extremely significant negatively correlated with K+ +Na+content and pH value in cereal field,mixed crops field and fruit field. The total salt content in surface soil gradually increased spatially from the interior oasis to the periphery and its fan edges. The soil with no salinization and mild salinization were mainly distributed in the central and northeast part of oasis, the soil with moderate salinization mainly distributed in the northern region of the oasis,and the soil with severe salinization was mainly distributed in the western,periphery and the fan edges of the delta oasis.