CAJ | 학술논문

在航天遥感任务分析与设计过程中，特殊类型轨道（太阳同步轨道、回归轨道等）是卫星轨道设计的重要选择。当前遥感卫星轨道设计研究主要集中于太阳同步、回归的圆轨道设计方面，此类轨道具有全球覆盖、固定重访周期等独特优势，但是，面向热点区域侦察与监控等区域覆盖任务时，太阳同步轨道难以保证对特定目标的高分辨率成像和快速重访。本文针对区域覆盖任务需求，在介绍临界轨道、回归轨道特点基础上，提出了一种椭圆临界回归轨道遥感卫星轨道设计方法，通过引入回归特性定量描述参数，分析了回归系数的影响因素，提出了具有拱线静止特性椭圆轨道的设计流程，并根据区域覆盖要求给出了轨道设计算例，最后椭圆临界回归轨道的特性、适用任务类型进行了分析，算例表明该种轨道可对局部目标实施高分辨率成像，缩短轨道的回归周期，还保证了对同一纬度目标成像时分辨率一致。
재항천요감임무분석여설계과정중，특수류형궤도（태양동보궤도、회귀궤도등）시위성궤도설계적중요선택。당전요감위성궤도설계연구주요집중우태양동보、회귀적원궤도설계방면，차류궤도구유전구복개、고정중방주기등독특우세，단시，면향열점구역정찰여감공등구역복개임무시，태양동보궤도난이보증대특정목표적고분변솔성상화쾌속중방。본문침대구역복개임무수구，재개소림계궤도、회귀궤도특점기출상，제출료일충타원림계회귀궤도요감위성궤도설계방법，통과인입회귀특성정량묘술삼수，분석료회귀계수적영향인소，제출료구유공선정지특성타원궤도적설계류정，병근거구역복개요구급출료궤도설계산례，최후타원림계회귀궤도적특성、괄용임무류형진행료분석，산례표명해충궤도가대국부목표실시고분변솔성상，축단궤도적회귀주기，환보증료대동일위도목표성상시분변솔일치。
Special types of orbit,such as sun-synchronous orbit,regressive orbit,are the first choices for low-orbit opti-cal remote sensing satellite.Currently design of remote sensing satellites orbit focuses on the sun-synchronous regressive circu-lar orbit,which has a unique advantage of global coverage,fixed revisit period.However,when orient to reconnaissance and surveillance mission for specific area,sun-synchronous is difficult to guarantee high-resolution imaging and rapid re-vis-it.Aiming at regional coverage mission requirements,a critical regressive elliptical orbit (CRE orbit)design method is pro-posed in this paper.Firstly,the characteristics and selection principles are briefly introduced;then by introducing a regression coefficient Q and analyzing the quantitative relationship between Q and orbit elements,design flow of CRE orbit is introduced;Thirdly,a calculation example of CRE orbit design is put forward based on proposed method;Finally,the characteristics of CRE orbit and its application task is discussed,the example shows that this kind of orbit can ensure the local targets high-reso-lution imaging,shorten the revisit period with a short revisit period,also maintain the uniformity of imaging resolution for the targets located in the same latitude.