山地学报
山地學報
산지학보
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
2015年
4期
449-456
,共8页
生物炭%土壤养分%土壤水分%土壤呼吸%橡胶幼苗
生物炭%土壤養分%土壤水分%土壤呼吸%橡膠幼苗
생물탄%토양양분%토양수분%토양호흡%상효유묘
Biochar%soil nutrient%soil water content%soil respiration%rubber seedlings
为探讨生物炭对西双版纳土壤性质及橡胶（ Hevea brasiliensis）幼苗生长的影响，评价其对橡胶人工林固碳增汇的潜在能力，将不同量的生物炭（与土壤质量比分别为CK：0；B2.5：2.5%；B5：5%）与复合肥（0 kg/hm2；F：300 kg/hm2）交互（共6个处理：CK，F，B2.5，B2.5﹢F，B5，B5﹢F）加入土壤中进行1 a的橡胶幼苗盆栽实验研究，对土壤进行水分、温度、土壤呼吸速率以及养分测定，对幼苗进行地径、株高、光合速率以及生物量的测定。结果表明：生物炭增加了土壤pH值，降低了土壤容重；显著提高土壤含水量（雨季较对照提高了26.9%~76.3%，旱季则提高了30.8%~63.5%）；生物炭显著增加土壤全碳和全磷含量，降低了土壤硝态氮，B5和B5﹢F处理的土壤有效磷显著高于对照，分别是对照的18.3倍和16倍；在雨季和旱季土壤呼吸速率均表现为：B5﹢F﹥B2.5﹢F﹥B5﹥F﹥B2.5﹥CK，CK的土壤呼吸速率显著低于其他所有处理；施肥处理的幼苗生物量显著高于CK和所有单施生物炭处理，以B2.5﹢F处理效果更明显；施肥与生物炭均显著提高了橡胶幼苗光合速率。综上所述，生物炭可以改善土壤性质，保持和提高水分和大部分土壤养分，促进植物生长，具有促进地上固碳及土壤固碳的潜力。从本短期的实验来看，单施生物炭不能促进橡胶幼苗生长，与肥料配合使用更能促进橡胶幼苗生长。
為探討生物炭對西雙版納土壤性質及橡膠（ Hevea brasiliensis）幼苗生長的影響，評價其對橡膠人工林固碳增彙的潛在能力，將不同量的生物炭（與土壤質量比分彆為CK：0；B2.5：2.5%；B5：5%）與複閤肥（0 kg/hm2；F：300 kg/hm2）交互（共6箇處理：CK，F，B2.5，B2.5﹢F，B5，B5﹢F）加入土壤中進行1 a的橡膠幼苗盆栽實驗研究，對土壤進行水分、溫度、土壤呼吸速率以及養分測定，對幼苗進行地徑、株高、光閤速率以及生物量的測定。結果錶明：生物炭增加瞭土壤pH值，降低瞭土壤容重；顯著提高土壤含水量（雨季較對照提高瞭26.9%~76.3%，旱季則提高瞭30.8%~63.5%）；生物炭顯著增加土壤全碳和全燐含量，降低瞭土壤硝態氮，B5和B5﹢F處理的土壤有效燐顯著高于對照，分彆是對照的18.3倍和16倍；在雨季和旱季土壤呼吸速率均錶現為：B5﹢F﹥B2.5﹢F﹥B5﹥F﹥B2.5﹥CK，CK的土壤呼吸速率顯著低于其他所有處理；施肥處理的幼苗生物量顯著高于CK和所有單施生物炭處理，以B2.5﹢F處理效果更明顯；施肥與生物炭均顯著提高瞭橡膠幼苗光閤速率。綜上所述，生物炭可以改善土壤性質，保持和提高水分和大部分土壤養分，促進植物生長，具有促進地上固碳及土壤固碳的潛力。從本短期的實驗來看，單施生物炭不能促進橡膠幼苗生長，與肥料配閤使用更能促進橡膠幼苗生長。
위탐토생물탄대서쌍판납토양성질급상효（ Hevea brasiliensis）유묘생장적영향，평개기대상효인공림고탄증회적잠재능력，장불동량적생물탄（여토양질량비분별위CK：0；B2.5：2.5%；B5：5%）여복합비（0 kg/hm2；F：300 kg/hm2）교호（공6개처리：CK，F，B2.5，B2.5﹢F，B5，B5﹢F）가입토양중진행1 a적상효유묘분재실험연구，대토양진행수분、온도、토양호흡속솔이급양분측정，대유묘진행지경、주고、광합속솔이급생물량적측정。결과표명：생물탄증가료토양pH치，강저료토양용중；현저제고토양함수량（우계교대조제고료26.9%~76.3%，한계칙제고료30.8%~63.5%）；생물탄현저증가토양전탄화전린함량，강저료토양초태담，B5화B5﹢F처리적토양유효린현저고우대조，분별시대조적18.3배화16배；재우계화한계토양호흡속솔균표현위：B5﹢F﹥B2.5﹢F﹥B5﹥F﹥B2.5﹥CK，CK적토양호흡속솔현저저우기타소유처리；시비처리적유묘생물량현저고우CK화소유단시생물탄처리，이B2.5﹢F처리효과경명현；시비여생물탄균현저제고료상효유묘광합속솔。종상소술，생물탄가이개선토양성질，보지화제고수분화대부분토양양분，촉진식물생장，구유촉진지상고탄급토양고탄적잠력。종본단기적실험래간，단시생물탄불능촉진상효유묘생장，여비료배합사용경능촉진상효유묘생장。
A pot experiment was carried out with biochar(CK:0;B2. 5:2. 5%;B5:5%;w/w)and fertilizer(0 kg/hm2;F:300 kg/hm2)(totally 6 treatments:CK,CK﹢F,B2. 5,B2. 5﹢F,B5 and B5﹢F)during 2014. The study investigated the effects of biochar application in rubber plantation on i)enhancing carbon sequestration ii)soil properties and iii)rubber seedling biomass. The study revealed that biochar application significantly increased soil pH,soil water content(26. 9% ~76. 3% in rainy season and 30. 8% ~63. 5% in the dry season,respectively), Soil C,Phosphorus and reduced soil bulk density,soil nitrate. Soil available phosphorus of B5 and B5﹢F treatments was raised to 18. 3 and 16 folds as compared to the control. Soil respiration in the dry and rainy season showed the same pattern:B5﹢F﹥B2. 5 ﹢F﹥B5 ﹥F﹥B2. 5 ﹥CK,the control was significantly lower than any other treat-ments. Rubber seedling biomass of treatments with fertilizer showed a great difference from the control and treat-ments with biochar alone,and B2. 5 ﹢F was more remarkable. Both biochar and fertilizer also enhanced seedling photosynthetic rate dramatically. It was concluded that biochar changed the soil properties( soil moisture and most of soil nutrients that promote the growth of plants)and has a potential to improve carbon sequestration of both above and below ground. For this reason,it is suggested that adding biochar with fertilizer rather than alone could enhance rubber seedling growth.
