传染病信息
傳染病信息
전염병신식
INFECTIOUS DISEASE INFORMATION
2015年
4期
254-256
,共3页
棘球蚴病%流行病学%诊断%综合预防
棘毬蚴病%流行病學%診斷%綜閤預防
극구유병%류행병학%진단%종합예방
echinococcosis%epidemiology%diagnosis%universal precautions
棘球蚴病是棘球属绦虫的幼虫（棘球蚴）所导致的人类和畜类共患的寄生虫病。人类因摄取受污染的食物、水源或土壤中含有的寄生虫卵或直接接触动物宿主而感染此病。全球每一时刻均会有一百余万人受棘球蚴病的侵扰和影响。中国西部省份是该病的多发区。人类感染棘球蚴后，体内会有一个或多个包虫生长，主要在肝脏和肺部生存，有时也在骨骼、肾、脾、肌肉、中枢神经系统和眼部生存。治疗一般比较复杂、价格昂贵，有的需要大型外科手术和（或）长期服药治疗。为狗除虫，改善屠宰场卫生状况，进行公众宣传活动，为羊群接种，均被视为有效预防措施。 WHO正在努力于2018年前确定有效的囊型棘球蚴病的防控措施。本文以2014年3月WHO棘球蚴病实况报道（第377号）为基础，结合我国专家的实践对棘球蚴病进行综述。
棘毬蚴病是棘毬屬縚蟲的幼蟲（棘毬蚴）所導緻的人類和畜類共患的寄生蟲病。人類因攝取受汙染的食物、水源或土壤中含有的寄生蟲卵或直接接觸動物宿主而感染此病。全毬每一時刻均會有一百餘萬人受棘毬蚴病的侵擾和影響。中國西部省份是該病的多髮區。人類感染棘毬蚴後，體內會有一箇或多箇包蟲生長，主要在肝髒和肺部生存，有時也在骨骼、腎、脾、肌肉、中樞神經繫統和眼部生存。治療一般比較複雜、價格昂貴，有的需要大型外科手術和（或）長期服藥治療。為狗除蟲，改善屠宰場衛生狀況，進行公衆宣傳活動，為羊群接種，均被視為有效預防措施。 WHO正在努力于2018年前確定有效的囊型棘毬蚴病的防控措施。本文以2014年3月WHO棘毬蚴病實況報道（第377號）為基礎，結閤我國專傢的實踐對棘毬蚴病進行綜述。
극구유병시극구속조충적유충（극구유）소도치적인류화축류공환적기생충병。인류인섭취수오염적식물、수원혹토양중함유적기생충란혹직접접촉동물숙주이감염차병。전구매일시각균회유일백여만인수극구유병적침우화영향。중국서부성빈시해병적다발구。인류감염극구유후，체내회유일개혹다개포충생장，주요재간장화폐부생존，유시야재골격、신、비、기육、중추신경계통화안부생존。치료일반비교복잡、개격앙귀，유적수요대형외과수술화（혹）장기복약치료。위구제충，개선도재장위생상황，진행공음선전활동，위양군접충，균피시위유효예방조시。 WHO정재노력우2018년전학정유효적낭형극구유병적방공조시。본문이2014년3월WHO극구유병실황보도（제377호）위기출，결합아국전가적실천대극구유병진행종술。
Human echinococcosis is a parasitic disease in humans and animals caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus. Humans are infected through ingestion of parasite eggs in contaminated food, water or soil, or through direct contact with animal hosts. More than 1 million people are affected with echinococcosis all over the world at any one time. In China, echinococcosis mostly occurs in the western provinces and regions. Human infection with E. granulosus leads to the development of one or more hydatids located mainly in the liver and lungs, and less frequently in the bones, kidneys, spleen, muscles, central nervous system and eyes. The treatment of echinococcosis is often expensive and complicated, and may require extensive surgery and/or prolonged drug therapy. Prevention pro-grammes involve deworming of dogs, improved slaughterhouse hygiene, public education campaigns and vaccination of lambs. WHO is working towards the validation of effective cystic echinococcosis control strategies by 2018. This article focuses on echinococcosis based on the review of updated fact sheet (N377) by WHO and experience from the experts in China.
