CAJ | 학술논문

目的通过对犯罪青少年和普通职高生数字转换任务的研究,探讨犯罪青少年部分执行功能特点.方法以成都市某少教所50名学员作为研究组,以成都市某职业高中学生50名为对照组,两组在年龄、性别、智商上匹配,使用自编一般信息问卷和韦氏成人智力量表WAIS-RC版本对两组被试进行调查和测试,并采用数字转换任务对其进行执行功能的实验.结果 (1)两组被试在言语智商[分别为(97.77± 12.07)分和(103.07±13.88)分]、操作智商[分别为(97.62±11.96)分和(103.25±11.85)分]、总智商[分别为(97.58±11.75)分和(103.75±11.35)分]相匹配的情况下,部分因子分存在差异,研究组在领悟[分别为(9.05±3.29)分和(11.04±3.25)分]、相似[分别为(9.41±2.34)分和(12.04±2.35)分]、数字符号[分别为(12.68±2.17)分和(14.63±1.94)分]、填图[分别为(8.73±2.41)分和(10.44±2.59)分]四个因子上均低于对照组,并且差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)在数字转换任务实验中,研究组在单独任务中大小正确判断数目[分别为(21.12±2.82)个和(17.80±7.34)个],混合任务中大小正确判断数目[分别为(13.27±2.66)个和(11.03±5.96)个],奇偶正确判断数目[分别为(17.06±2.73)个和(14.00±6.40)个]均高于对照组,均差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)研究组在智商测验中的领悟与单独大小正确反应时间呈显著相关(r=0.58,P＜0.01).对照组在智商测验中的领悟与单独大小正确反应时间、单独奇偶正确反应时间、混合大小正确反应时间呈显著相关(r1=-0.62,r2=-0.63,r3=-0.53,均P＜0.01),相似与单独大小正确反应时间、单独奇偶正确反应时间、混合大小反应时间呈显著相关(r1=-0.62,r2=-0.72,r3=-0.62,均P＜0.01).结论在智商匹配的情况下,犯罪青少年在注意转换、认知灵活性方面和普通职高生没有差异,犯罪青少年的注意转换功能没有缺陷.
목적 통과대범죄청소년화보통직고생수자전환임무적연구,탐토범죄청소년부분집행공능특점.방법 이성도시모소교소50명학원작위연구조,이성도시모직업고중학생50명위대조조,량조재년령、성별、지상상필배,사용자편일반신식문권화위씨성인지역량표WAIS-RC판본대량조피시진행조사화측시,병채용수자전환임무대기진행집행공능적실험.결과 (1)량조피시재언어지상[분별위(97.77± 12.07)분화(103.07±13.88)분]、조작지상[분별위(97.62±11.96)분화(103.25±11.85)분]、총지상[분별위(97.58±11.75)분화(103.75±11.35)분]상필배적정황하,부분인자분존재차이,연구조재령오[분별위(9.05±3.29)분화(11.04±3.25)분]、상사[분별위(9.41±2.34)분화(12.04±2.35)분]、수자부호[분별위(12.68±2.17)분화(14.63±1.94)분]、전도[분별위(8.73±2.41)분화(10.44±2.59)분]사개인자상균저우대조조,병차차이구유통계학의의(P＜0.05).(2)재수자전환임무실험중,연구조재단독임무중대소정학판단수목[분별위(21.12±2.82)개화(17.80±7.34)개],혼합임무중대소정학판단수목[분별위(13.27±2.66)개화(11.03±5.96)개],기우정학판단수목[분별위(17.06±2.73)개화(14.00±6.40)개]균고우대조조,균차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).(3)연구조재지상측험중적령오여단독대소정학반응시간정현저상관(r=0.58,P＜0.01).대조조재지상측험중적령오여단독대소정학반응시간、단독기우정학반응시간、혼합대소정학반응시간정현저상관(r1=-0.62,r2=-0.63,r3=-0.53,균P＜0.01),상사여단독대소정학반응시간、단독기우정학반응시간、혼합대소반응시간정현저상관(r1=-0.62,r2=-0.72,r3=-0.62,균P＜0.01).결론 재지상필배적정황하,범죄청소년재주의전환、인지령활성방면화보통직고생몰유차이,범죄청소년적주의전환공능몰유결함.
Objective To explore the part of characteristics of the executive function of adolescent criminals through the research for more-odd shifting of adolescent criminals and vocational school students.Methods Fifty criminals were randomly selected from a penitentiary of Chengdu as study group,and fifty students were enrolled randomly from an vocational school as control group.The experimental group matched the control group on the age,gender and IQ.They were all tested by a general state questionnaire made by the investigate themselves,and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised in China.Executive function was assessed using more-odd shifting.Results (1)There were some different factors,even though the subjects of the two groups were matched on VIQ(97.77±12.07,103.07±13.88),PIQ(97.62±11.96,103.25±11.85),and FISQ(97.58±11.75,103.75±11.35).The four factors of the study group,which include Comprehension (9.05 ± 3.29,11.04 ± 3.25),Similarities (9.41±2.34,12.04±2.35),Digit Span(12.68±2.17,14.63± 1.94) and Picture Completion(8.73±2.41,10.44±2.59),were lower than the control group,and these differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).(2)In the experiment of more-odd shifting,whether in the single task or in the mixed task (21.12± 2.82,17.80 ± 7.34),the correct number of the size(13.27±2.66,11.03±5.96),the correct number of the parity(17.06±2.73,14.00±6.40)in the study group,were higher than those of the control group,and thcre were significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.05).(3)In IQ tests,for the study group,Comprehension in single task was significantly correlated in size reaction time(r=0.58,P＜0.01).For The control group,Comprehension was significantly related to single size reaction time,single parity reaction time and mixed parity reaction time (r1 =-0.62,r2 =-0.63,r 3 =-0.53,P＜0.01),Similarities was significantly related to single size reaction time,single parity reaction time and mixed parity reaction time (r1 =-0.62,r2 =-0.72,r3 =-0.62,P＜0.01).Conclusion On the attention shifting and the cognitive flexibility,the vocational school students and the adolescent criminals have no difference in the case of matched 1Q,and there is no defect for the attention shiftiug function of adolescent criminals.