CAJ | 학술논문

综合考虑不同运输方式的技术经济特性和外部成本效应，基于交通效能和环境效能，建立不同运输方式之间的效能价格比模型，不仅可以激励运输企业提高服务质量，而且可以纠正由于外部效应引起的市场失效，引导货主选择交通效能高，外部成本小的运输方式。以铁路和公路货运为例，分别采集并处理铁路和公路的各项效能指标数据，并根据对国计民生影响大小和对铁路运输依赖性强弱将铁路运输货物分为3类。利用模糊综合评价法确定各类货物各项效能指标的权重，利用效能价格比模型最后求得铁路和公路的合理比价关系为：第1类货物：0．455：1～0．549：1；第2类货物：0．525：1～0．624：1；第3类货物：0．617：1～0．729：1，为制定铁路货运政府指导价提供参考。
종합고필불동운수방식적기술경제특성화외부성본효응，기우교통효능화배경효능，건립불동운수방식지간적효능개격비모형，불부가이격려운수기업제고복무질량，이차가이규정유우외부효응인기적시장실효，인도화주선택교통효능고，외부성본소적운수방식。이철로화공로화운위례，분별채집병처리철로화공로적각항효능지표수거，병근거대국계민생영향대소화대철로운수의뢰성강약장철로운수화물분위3류。이용모호종합평개법학정각류화물각항효능지표적권중，이용효능개격비모형최후구득철로화공로적합리비개관계위：제1류화물：0．455：1～0．549：1；제2류화물：0．525：1～0．624：1；제3류화물：0．617：1～0．729：1，위제정철로화운정부지도개제공삼고。
Considering techno -economical features and external cost effects of different transportation modes, this paper established the reasonable price ratio model between different transportation modes based on traffic effi-ciency and environment efficiency.This model not only can inspire transportation enterprises to improve service quality,but also can correct market failure caused by external effects,guide the owner of freight choose transpor-tation modes which have high transportation efficiency and low external cost.Sampling and processing efficiency indicators data of railway and highway.According to the influence of the national economy and people's livelihood and the strength of dependency on railway transportation,goods can be divided into three categories.Fuzzy com-prehensive evaluation method was used to determine the weights of goods’efficiency index.Finally,this paper obtained the reasonable price ratio relationship between railway and highway as:the first kind of goods:0.455:1 ~0.549:1;the second category of goods:0.525:1 ~0.624:1;the third type of goods:0.617:1 ~0.729:1. This price ratio relationship could provide reference for the government guidance price for railway freight transpor-tation.