CAJ | 학술논문

在甘肃省张掖市甘州区连续种植制种玉米13年的基地上，采用田间试验方法，研究了豆粕有机生态肥配方筛选及对土壤特性和吉祥一号玉米效益的影响。结果表明影响玉米产量因素由大到小的顺序依次为：硫酸锌＞玉米专用肥＞土壤酵母肥＞豆粕有机肥；豆粕有机生态肥最佳配方为：硫酸锌60 kg? hm－2：土壤酵母肥300 kg? hm－2：豆粕有机肥4500 kg?hm－2：玉米专用肥1320 kg?hm－2。豆粕有机生态肥施用量与玉米产量间的肥料效应回归方程为y＝5．66＋0．4651 x＋0．0232 x 2，经济效益最佳施肥量为4．70 t?hm－2，玉米理论产量为8．36 t?hm－2。施用豆粕有机生态肥与传统化肥比较，土壤容重和pH分别降低3．5％和1．0％；总孔隙度、团聚体和饱和持水量增加6．4％、11．7％和6．4％；有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾增加1．5％、1．1％、4．2％和6．2％；真菌、细菌、放线菌和菌体总量增加121．4％、34．8％、20．5％和28．6％；蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶增加62．2％、44．9％、37．9％和62．5％；玉米株高、茎粗、生长速度和地上部分干重增加14．8％、24．3％、14．7％和41．8％，穗粒数、穗粒重和百粒重增加5．4％、12．7％和12．9％；产量和施肥利润增加12．7％和1489．02元?hm－2。表11，参38。
재감숙성장액시감주구련속충식제충옥미13년적기지상，채용전간시험방법，연구료두박유궤생태비배방사선급대토양특성화길상일호옥미효익적영향。결과표명영향옥미산량인소유대도소적순서의차위：류산자＞옥미전용비＞토양효모비＞두박유궤비；두박유궤생태비최가배방위：류산자60 kg? hm－2：토양효모비300 kg? hm－2：두박유궤비4500 kg?hm－2：옥미전용비1320 kg?hm－2。두박유궤생태비시용량여옥미산량간적비료효응회귀방정위y＝5．66＋0．4651 x＋0．0232 x 2，경제효익최가시비량위4．70 t?hm－2，옥미이론산량위8．36 t?hm－2。시용두박유궤생태비여전통화비비교，토양용중화pH분별강저3．5％화1．0％；총공극도、단취체화포화지수량증가6．4％、11．7％화6．4％；유궤질、감해담、속효린화속효갑증가1．5％、1．1％、4．2％화6．2％；진균、세균、방선균화균체총량증가121．4％、34．8％、20．5％화28．6％；자당매、뇨매、린산매화다분양화매증가62．2％、44．9％、37．9％화62．5％；옥미주고、경조、생장속도화지상부분간중증가14．8％、24．3％、14．7％화41．8％，수립수、수립중화백립중증가5．4％、12．7％화12．9％；산량화시비리윤증가12．7％화1489．02원?hm－2。표11，삼38。
In a 13-year continuous corm planting field , a study concerning the influence of combined fertilizer with soybean meal ma-nure on soil properties and corn yield of Jixiang No .1 was conducted in Ganzhou district , Zhangye of Gansu Province .The results showed that the corn yield with different fertilizer application was in a order of zinc sulfate >corn fertilizer>soil yeast manure>soybean meal manure;an optimal fertilizer combination was as follows: zinc sulfate 60 kg?hm-2 , soil yeast manure 300 kg?hm-2 , soybean meal manure 4 500 kg?hm-2 , and corn fertilizer 1 320 kg?hm-2; the regression equation between the combined fertilizer with soybean meal manure and the corn yield was: y=5.66+0.465 1 x+0.023 2 x2 , with 4.7 t?hm-2 of the optimal yield and 8.36 t?hm-2 of theoretical yield.Compared with conventional fertilization , the combination fertilization decreased 3.5% of soil bulk density and 1%soil pH , respectively;increased 6.4%of soil total porosity , 11.7%of soil aggregate and 6.4%of soil water retention , respective-ly;added 1.5%of soil organic matter , 1.1%of soil alkali-nitrogen , 4.2%soil available P and 6.2% of soil available K , respec-tively.Also, the amount of fungal , bacteria, actinomycetes and total microorganism raised 121.4%, 34.8%, 20.5%and 28.6%, respectively;soil sucrase, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase increased 62.2%, 44.9%, 37.9% and 62.5%, respec-tively.Moreover , plant height , stem diameter , growth rate and aboveground dry weight increased 14.8%, 24.3%, 14.7% and 41.8%, respectively;ear-corn seed number , ear-corn seed weight and hundred seed weight increased 5.4%, 12.7%and 12.9%, respectively.Finally, yield and fertilization profit increased 12.7%and 1 489.02 RMB yuan?hm-2 , respectively.