CAJ | 학술논문

油菜因具有生长快速、生物量较高、且对重金属有较强的耐性及吸收积累能力的特点，常用来修复土壤重金属污染。本试验在湖南郴州某尾矿区受重金属复合污染的农田，种植芥菜型油菜（BJ）、甘蓝型油菜（BL）、加拿大甘蓝型油菜（CBL）和本地油菜（LR）4个品种，对比不同品种油菜对重金属的吸收积累情况。结果表明：Pb主要积累在油菜的根部，Cu、Zn、Cd在油菜的根、叶中的积累浓度都很高，而茎和果实中的重金属含量很低；油菜叶对重金属的积累浓度表现为：Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd，根对重金属的吸收积累量的顺序为：Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥Cd；重金属在不同品种油菜间的吸收积累及转运情况存在差异性显著，地上部分（叶）的富集能力表现为：Cu：BJ≥LR﹥BL﹥CBL，Zn：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR，Pb：BJ≈LR﹥BL≈CBL，Cd：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR；重金属从茎秆转移到叶片转运系数（Tsl）为：Cu：LR﹥BJ≈CBL﹥BL，Zn：BL﹥LR﹥BJ﹥CBL，Pb：BJ﹥CBL≈LR﹥BL，Cd：BJ﹥BL﹥CBL﹥LR。总的来说，芥菜型油菜适合Cu、Pb污染的土壤；甘蓝型油菜对Zn、Cd的吸收积累效果最好，非常适合用来修复重金属复合污染的土壤。
유채인구유생장쾌속、생물량교고、차대중금속유교강적내성급흡수적루능력적특점，상용래수복토양중금속오염。본시험재호남침주모미광구수중금속복합오염적농전，충식개채형유채（BJ）、감람형유채（BL）、가나대감람형유채（CBL）화본지유채（LR）4개품충，대비불동품충유채대중금속적흡수적루정황。결과표명：Pb주요적루재유채적근부，Cu、Zn、Cd재유채적근、협중적적루농도도흔고，이경화과실중적중금속함량흔저；유채협대중금속적적루농도표현위：Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd，근대중금속적흡수적루량적순서위：Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥Cd；중금속재불동품충유채간적흡수적루급전운정황존재차이성현저，지상부분（협）적부집능력표현위：Cu：BJ≥LR﹥BL﹥CBL，Zn：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR，Pb：BJ≈LR﹥BL≈CBL，Cd：BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR；중금속종경간전이도협편전운계수（Tsl）위：Cu：LR﹥BJ≈CBL﹥BL，Zn：BL﹥LR﹥BJ﹥CBL，Pb：BJ﹥CBL≈LR﹥BL，Cd：BJ﹥BL﹥CBL﹥LR。총적래설，개채형유채괄합Cu、Pb오염적토양；감람형유채대Zn、Cd적흡수적루효과최호，비상괄합용래수복중금속복합오염적토양。
The rape is usually used for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soils, because it has the characteristics of rapid growth, large biomass, and high potential to tolerate and accumulate large quantities of heavy metals. In this work, accumulation and transformation of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd in four rape species(B. juncea L.(BJ), Brassica napus L.(BL), Canadian Brassica napus L.(CBL), local rape(LR))were inves-tigated in soils surrounding mine area contaminated by lead-zinc ore tailings in Chenzhou, Hunan Province. The results showed a significant-ly high accumulation of Cu, Zn and Cd in leaves and roots of four rape species. However, the concentration of Pb in roots of all rape species was usually one or two orders of magnitude than other parts, and the concentration of heavy metals in stems and fruits was lower. The accumu-lation of heavy metals in leaves parts was in the order:Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd, and in roots was as:Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥Cd;the order of bioconcentration fac-tor(BCF)of heavy metals in above-ground parts(leaves)of rape species was:Cu:BJ≥LR﹥BL﹥CBL, Zn:BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR, Pb:BJ≈LR﹥BL≈CBL, Cd:BL﹥CBL﹥BJ﹥LR;and the order of translocation factor(TF)from stems to leaves was:Cu:LR﹥BJ≈CBL﹥BL,Zn:BL﹥LR﹥BJ﹥CBL, Pb:BJ﹥CBL≈LR﹥BL,Cd:BJ﹥BL﹥CBL﹥LR. It indicated there were significant differences among the species. The results of the field experiment suggested that B. juncea L. was suitable for phytoextraction of Cu, Pb contaminated soil, Brassica napus L. could be used to remediate Zn, Cd or heavy metal combined polluted soils.