CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在探讨不同中性洗涤纤维与淀粉比例( NDF/starch )饲粮对体外瘤胃发酵的影响。选用玉米青贮、燕麦干草和玉米调整饲粮 NDF/starch,配制0.86(Ⅰ)、1.13(Ⅱ)、1.56(Ⅲ)和2.38(Ⅳ)4种NDF/starch的全混合日粮,采用3头体况良好且装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛作为瘤胃液的供体动物,利用体外发酵试验结合动态产气实时记录技术,测定累积产气量(2、6、12、24、36、48 h)、产气动力学参数和瘤胃发酵特性指标。结果表明：1)随着饲粮NDF/starch的提高,发酵48 h 体外干物质降解率逐渐下降, I、Ⅱ组均显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组( P<0.05)；48 h累积产气量和理论最大产气量呈下降趋势,Ⅳ组显著低于其他各组( P<0.05)；组间达1/2理论最大产气量的时间、最大产气速率无显著差异( P>0.05)。2) NDF/starch对发酵液氨态氮和微生物蛋白浓度影响不显著( P>0.05)。3)随着饲粮NDF/starch的增加,pH、乙酸/丙酸、乙酸/总挥发性脂肪酸呈显著或极显著增加( P<0.05或P<0.01),总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、丁酸浓度及丙酸/总挥发性脂肪酸呈显著或极显著下降( P<0.05或P<0.01)。4)不同NDF/starch饲粮营养水平与体外发酵参数相关性分析表明,48 h累积产气量、理论最大产气量与淀粉含量、中性洗涤可溶物( NDS )含量、中性洗涤可溶物/粗蛋白质( NDS/CP )、非纤维性碳水化合物( NFC)含量呈极显著正相关关系( P<0.01),而与中性洗涤纤维( NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维( ADF)含量呈极显著负相关关系( P<0.01)。综合而言,本试验条件下,体外产气法测定饲粮NDF/starch在0.86~1.13之间对体外瘤胃发酵较好。
본시험지재탐토불동중성세조섬유여정분비례( NDF/starch )사량대체외류위발효적영향。선용옥미청저、연맥간초화옥미조정사량 NDF/starch,배제0.86(Ⅰ)、1.13(Ⅱ)、1.56(Ⅲ)화2.38(Ⅳ)4충NDF/starch적전혼합일량,채용3두체황량호차장유영구성류위루관적하사탄내우작위류위액적공체동물,이용체외발효시험결합동태산기실시기록기술,측정루적산기량(2、6、12、24、36、48 h)、산기동역학삼수화류위발효특성지표。결과표명：1)수착사량NDF/starch적제고,발효48 h 체외간물질강해솔축점하강, I、Ⅱ조균현저고우Ⅲ、Ⅳ조( P<0.05)；48 h루적산기량화이론최대산기량정하강추세,Ⅳ조현저저우기타각조( P<0.05)；조간체1/2이론최대산기량적시간、최대산기속솔무현저차이( P>0.05)。2) NDF/starch대발효액안태담화미생물단백농도영향불현저( P>0.05)。3)수착사량NDF/starch적증가,pH、을산/병산、을산/총휘발성지방산정현저혹겁현저증가( P<0.05혹P<0.01),총휘발성지방산、병산、정산농도급병산/총휘발성지방산정현저혹겁현저하강( P<0.05혹P<0.01)。4)불동NDF/starch사량영양수평여체외발효삼수상관성분석표명,48 h루적산기량、이론최대산기량여정분함량、중성세조가용물( NDS )함량、중성세조가용물/조단백질( NDS/CP )、비섬유성탄수화합물( NFC)함량정겁현저정상관관계( P<0.01),이여중성세조섬유( NDF)、산성세조섬유( ADF)함량정겁현저부상관관계( P<0.01)。종합이언,본시험조건하,체외산기법측정사량NDF/starch재0.86~1.13지간대체외류위발효교호。
This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different neutral detergent fiber to starch ra-tio ( NDF/starch) diets on rumen fermentation in vitro. Corn silage, dried oat hay and corn were used to adjust the NDF/starch of total mixed rations, and NDF/starch was 0. 86 (Ⅰ) , 1. 13 (Ⅱ) , 1. 56 (Ⅲ) and 2. 38 (Ⅳ) , respectively. Three healthy Holstein cows fitted with permanent ruminal cannulas were used as the donor of rumen fluid. Accumulative gas production in 2,6,12,24,36 and 72 h, gas production kinetic parameters and rumen fermentation parameters of the diets were determined by combining the method of in vitro rumen fer-mentation and the technique of real-time recording of gas production. The results showed as follows: 1) with the increase of dietary NDF/starch, in vitro dry matter degradation rate after 48 h fermentation was decreased, and groups ⅠandⅡwere significantly higher than groupsⅢandⅣ( P<0.05);accumulative gas production in 48 h and theoretical maximum gas production ranked in descending order, and group Ⅳ was significantly higher than the other groups ( P<0.05) . No significant differences in the time of reaching 1/2 theoretical maxi-mum gas production and the maximum gas production rate among all groups were observed ( P>0.05) . 2) The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen ( NH3-N) and microbial protein in fermentation fluid were not affected by dietary NDF/starch ( P>0.05) . 3) With the increase of dietary NDF/starch, pH, acetate/propionate and ace-tate/total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but TVFA, propio-nate, butyrate and propionate/TVFA were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 4) Correlation be-tween nutrient levels of different NDF/starch diets and fermentation parameters in vitro showed that the accu-mulative gas production in 48 h and theoretical maximum gas production were significantly positive related to the contents of starch, neutral detergent soluble ( NDS) and non-fiber carbohydrate( NFC) , as well as NDS/CP ( P<0.01) , and also were significantly negative related to neutral detergent fiber ( NDF) and acid detergent fiber ( ADF) contents ( P<0.01) . In conclusion, the results of in vitro gas production method indicate that di-etary NDF/starch between 0.86 and 1.13 can promote rumen fermentation under the present experimental con-ditions.