CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究常规饲养条件下,饲粮添加不同铬源与铬水平对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数及肉品质的影响,以比较不同铬源的有效性并探讨饲粮铬的适宜添加水平。试验采用1+3×2试验设计。选用252只1日龄体重均一的科宝肉仔鸡母鸡,随机分为7个组,每个组6个重复,每个组6只鸡。各处理分别饲喂不添加铬的玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮(对照组,铬含量0.32 mg/kg)及在基础饲粮中分别添加0.4和2.0 mg/kg丙酸铬( CrPro)、吡啶甲酸铬( CrPic)和三氯化铬(CrCl3)的试验饲粮。试验期42 d。结果显示：1)饲粮添加铬显著提高了肉仔鸡4~6周的平均日采食量(P<0.05)。2)饲粮添加铬有提高法氏囊指数的趋势(P<0.10),且CrCl3在提高肉仔鸡胸腺指数和法氏囊指数方面比CrPro和CrPic更有效( P<0.05),CrPro与CrPic间无显著差异( P>0.10)。3)饲粮添加铬显著提高了胸肌滴水损失率( P<0.05)；饲粮添加2.0 mg/kg铬显著降低了胸肌pH15min(P<0.05)；与CrPic相比,CrCl3有提高红度值的趋势(P=0.08)。由此可见,在常规饲养条件下,基础饲粮中铬含量即可满足肉仔鸡生长的需要,不需额外添加；饲粮添加铬能够改善肉仔鸡免疫器官指数,且无机CrCl3更有效；饲粮添加铬提高了胸肌滴水损失率,添加0.4 mg/kg铬能较好地维持肌肉pH,对肉仔鸡肉品质有一定影响。
본시험지재연구상규사양조건하,사량첨가불동락원여락수평대육자계생장성능、면역기관지수급육품질적영향,이비교불동락원적유효성병탐토사량락적괄의첨가수평。시험채용1+3×2시험설계。선용252지1일령체중균일적과보육자계모계,수궤분위7개조,매개조6개중복,매개조6지계。각처리분별사위불첨가락적옥미-두박형기출사량(대조조,락함량0.32 mg/kg)급재기출사량중분별첨가0.4화2.0 mg/kg병산락( CrPro)、필정갑산락( CrPic)화삼록화락(CrCl3)적시험사량。시험기42 d。결과현시：1)사량첨가락현저제고료육자계4~6주적평균일채식량(P<0.05)。2)사량첨가락유제고법씨낭지수적추세(P<0.10),차CrCl3재제고육자계흉선지수화법씨낭지수방면비CrPro화CrPic경유효( P<0.05),CrPro여CrPic간무현저차이( P>0.10)。3)사량첨가락현저제고료흉기적수손실솔( P<0.05)；사량첨가2.0 mg/kg락현저강저료흉기pH15min(P<0.05)；여CrPic상비,CrCl3유제고홍도치적추세(P=0.08)。유차가견,재상규사양조건하,기출사량중락함량즉가만족육자계생장적수요,불수액외첨가；사량첨가락능구개선육자계면역기관지수,차무궤CrCl3경유효；사량첨가락제고료흉기적수손실솔,첨가0.4 mg/kg락능교호지유지기육pH,대육자계육품질유일정영향。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chromium ( Cr) sources and Cr levels on growth performance, immune organ indexes and meat quality of broilers under normal rearing condi-tion, in order to compare effectiveness and appropriate supplemened level between Cr sources and Cr levels. According to body weight, a total of 252 one-day-old Cobb female broilers were randomly allotted to 7 treat-ments with 6 replicates per treatment and 6 broilers per replicate in a 1 plus 3 × 2 design. Broilers were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet ( control) containing 0.32 mg/kg Cr, and the others were fed the basal diets sup-plemented with 0.4 or 2.0 mg/kg Cr from different sources [ Cr propionate ( CrPro) , Cr picolinate ( CrPic) , Cr chloride (CrCl3) respectively]. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) diet-ary supplemented with Cr had significant effects on the average daily feed intake during 4 to 6 weeks ( P<0.05). 2) Dietary supplemented with Cr had tendency of enhancing Bursa of fabricius index (P<0.10);CrCl3 increased thymus index and Bursa of fabricius index better than CrPro and CrPic ( P<0.05) , while, CrPro and CrPic had no significant difference (P>0.10). 3) Dietary supplemented with Cr increased drip loss of breast muscle (P<0.05); dietary supplemented with 2.0 mg/kg Cr significantly reduced pH15min(P<0.05); com-pared with CrPic, CrCl3 had a tendency to increase a?value ( P=0.08) . It is concluded that in normal rearing condition, the Cr content in basal diets can meet the growth requirements of broilers without additional Cr sup-plementation, and Cr can raise immune organs indexes, especially CrCl3 , meanwhile, Cr supplementation can increase drip loss, moreover Cr supplemented with 0. 4 mg/kg can maintain meat pH which may have some effects on meat quality.