CAJ | 학술논문

提利用 NCER 再分析资料、常规观测和地面加密观测资料及多普勒雷达资料，对10次台风龙卷过程的环境背景和其中 F2～F3级以上龙卷过程的回波结构演变特征进行了详细分析，主要结果如下：（1）台风龙卷所处环境基本为弱对流有效位能（200～1000 J·kg－1）和风随高度强烈顺转的强低空风的垂直切变环境，0～1 km 风的垂直切变超过10－2 s－1，风暴的相对螺旋度很大，台前龙卷环境的粗理查孙数很小，平均在40以下。台风龙卷大多数出现在台风前进方向的东北侧，位于0～1 km 风切变和相对风暴螺旋度大值区。龙卷主要产生于台风外围螺旋雨带上，台前龙卷往往产生前地面已存在风向切变和风速的辐合，但温度梯度不大。（2）在台风影响环境下导致龙卷的风暴属于微超级单体风暴，有水平尺度2～4 km 的中气旋；垂直涡度限制在4 km 以下；风暴单体的质心在2 km 左右，风暴伸展高度在5～7 km。
제이용 NCER 재분석자료、상규관측화지면가밀관측자료급다보륵뢰체자료，대10차태풍룡권과정적배경배경화기중 F2～F3급이상룡권과정적회파결구연변특정진행료상세분석，주요결과여하：（1）태풍룡권소처배경기본위약대류유효위능（200～1000 J·kg－1）화풍수고도강렬순전적강저공풍적수직절변배경，0～1 km 풍적수직절변초과10－2 s－1，풍폭적상대라선도흔대，태전룡권배경적조리사손수흔소，평균재40이하。태풍룡권대다수출현재태풍전진방향적동북측，위우0～1 km 풍절변화상대풍폭라선도대치구。룡권주요산생우태풍외위라선우대상，태전룡권왕왕산생전지면이존재풍향절변화풍속적복합，단온도제도불대。（2）재태풍영향배경하도치룡권적풍폭속우미초급단체풍폭，유수평척도2～4 km 적중기선；수직와도한제재4 km 이하；풍폭단체적질심재2 km 좌우，풍폭신전고도재5～7 km。
Based on NCER reanalysis data,conventional observations data,surface dense observation data and Doppler radar data,the environmental background of 10 tornadoes which occurred within spiral rain belt of typhoon and the evolution characteristics of echo structure of the tornadoes in F2 class and above were studied in detail.The results show that,firsthy typhoon-tornadoes occur in an environment with the weak convective available potential energy (200 -1000 J·kg-1 )and strong low-level vertical wind shear where the vertical wind shear between 0 and 1 km more than 10 -2 s-1 .The storm relative helicity is very great and the typhoon tornado environment average bulk Richardson number is small,averagely below 40. Typhoon-tornadoes mostly occur on the right sides of the moving-paths of the typhoons where the 0-1 km vertical wind shear and storm relative helicity are greater.Typhoon-tornadoes are mainly generated in the spiral rainbands in the outside-region of the typhoons.Before tornadoes come into being the convergence of wind direction and speed appears near the surface,but the temperature gradient is small.Secondly,the storms which produce typhoon-tornadoes are mini supercell storms,with cell centroid being about 2 km and stretching height about 5-7 km,accompanying the mesocyclones in horizontal scales about 2-4 km. The positive vertical vorticity is limited to below 4 km.