CAJ | 학술논문

目的：研究并探讨对已婚育龄夫妻进行出生缺陷干预的效果，为减少出生缺陷儿的出生率、提高出生人口的综合素质提供参考依据。方法：选取本区2011年6月-2014年5月的12000对已婚育龄夫妻作为研究对象，对其进行出生缺陷的三级干预。一级干预为防止缺陷儿的出生，二级干预为减少出生缺陷的发生，三级干预为对已经出生的缺陷儿进行治疗。干预重点为一级干预防止出生缺陷儿的出生。区、镇、村进行三级分工，共同配合，对已婚育龄夫妻进行婚前免费体检、优生优育宣传教育、孕前病毒和遗传病检测、孕前和孕早期服用福施福、免费孕期B超体检、定期随访。结果：2014年本区的婚前宣教开展率、婚前体检率、孕期B超体检人数和定期随访人数均明显高于2013、2012、2011年，且呈现出逐年上升趋势（P<0.05）。2014年本区的孕前早期四项病毒病毒检测阳性率（风疹病毒、疱疹病毒、弓形虫、巨细胞病毒）、孕前遗传病率（地中海贫血、G6PD缺乏症）均明显高于2013、2012、2011年（P<0.05）。2014年产妇孕早期服用福施福人数明显高于2013、2012、2011年（P<0.05）。2014年的出生缺陷儿出生率明显低于2013、2012、2011年（P<0.05），与一级干预的力度呈正相关。结论：对已婚育龄妇女进行出生缺陷干预，特别是一级干预，能够有效预防缺陷儿的出生，减少出生缺陷的发生，有利于临床相关疾病的监控，提高优生优育水平。
목적：연구병탐토대이혼육령부처진행출생결함간예적효과，위감소출생결함인적출생솔、제고출생인구적종합소질제공삼고의거。방법：선취본구2011년6월-2014년5월적12000대이혼육령부처작위연구대상，대기진행출생결함적삼급간예。일급간예위방지결함인적출생，이급간예위감소출생결함적발생，삼급간예위대이경출생적결함인진행치료。간예중점위일급간예방지출생결함인적출생。구、진、촌진행삼급분공，공동배합，대이혼육령부처진행혼전면비체검、우생우육선전교육、잉전병독화유전병검측、잉전화잉조기복용복시복、면비잉기B초체검、정기수방。결과：2014년본구적혼전선교개전솔、혼전체검솔、잉기B초체검인수화정기수방인수균명현고우2013、2012、2011년，차정현출축년상승추세（P<0.05）。2014년본구적잉전조기사항병독병독검측양성솔（풍진병독、포진병독、궁형충、거세포병독）、잉전유전병솔（지중해빈혈、G6PD결핍증）균명현고우2013、2012、2011년（P<0.05）。2014년산부잉조기복용복시복인수명현고우2013、2012、2011년（P<0.05）。2014년적출생결함인출생솔명현저우2013、2012、2011년（P<0.05），여일급간예적력도정정상관。결론：대이혼육령부녀진행출생결함간예，특별시일급간예，능구유효예방결함인적출생，감소출생결함적발생，유리우림상상관질병적감공，제고우생우육수평。
Objective:To study and explore the intervention of birth defects on the effect of themarried couples, in order to reduce the birth rate of birth defects, improve the comprehensive quality of the birth population reference.Method: 12 000 married couples in our region from June 2011 to May 2014 were selected as the research objects, and they were given birth defect intervention on its three. The first level intervention was to prevent the birth of children with birth defects, secondary interventions was to reduce the incidence of birth defects, three intervention was to treat children of birth defects. Interventions focus was on primary intervention to prevent birth defects in children born.District,town,village three level of division of labor,cooperation, for marriedcouples of childbearing age premarital examination,free eugenics propaganda and education,pre pregnancy virus and genetic disease detection, pre pregnancy and early pregnancytaking free pregnancy B ultrasound examination,Fu Shi Fu,regular follow-up.Result:Premarital education to carry out rate,pre-marital medical examination rate,pregnancy B-examination and regular follow-up of the number of persons in 2014 were significantly higher than those of 2013,2012 and 2011(P<0.05).Early pregnancy rates of four viruses tested positive for the virus (rubella virus,herpes virus, Toxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus), a genetic disease before pregnancy rate (thalassemia,G6PD deficiency) in 2014 were significantly higher than those of 2013, 2012 and 2011(P<0.05).And the number of women in early pregnancy taking Forceval was significantly higher than that of 2013,2012 and 2011.The birth defect rate in 2014 was significantly lower than that in 2013,2012,2011(P<0.05), the intensity was positively correlated with the level of intervention.Conclusion:For married women of childbearing age of birth defect intervention, especially the level of intervention, to the birth of children with birth defects play a preventive role.It can be effective in preventing birth defects in children and reduce the incidence of birth defects and help monitor clinically relevant diseases and improve the level of prenatal and postnatal care.