CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨闽江下游及河口区表层沉积物中元素组成、分布规律，用 X 射线荧光法分析了研究区域表层沉积物中11种微量元素的含量，并简要讨论了其分布特征和影响因素．分析结果表明，研究区沉积物中元素 Ba 含量最高，平均为515 mg／kg，元素 Ga 最低，平均为7.54 mg／kg，11种元素按含量由高到低排列是 Ba、Rb、Zr、Sr、Cr、V、Zn、Nb、Y、Cu、Ga；元素变异系数介于0.17～1.05之间，最大为 Zr，最小为 Ba．被测元素含量均呈现出沿河道向河口递增的趋势，部分元素表现出南、北港下游含量高于上游的分布特征，显示人类活动的影响．元素含量高值与 Si ／Al 比值所反映出的沉积物细颗粒区域相对应．沉积物微量元素含量与花岗岩成分相近，与石英砂岩存在较大差别．研究区域沉积物与长江、黄河和珠江沉积物相比，Ba、Rb 两种元素含量差异相对较小，4条河流 Ba 约500 mg／kg、Rb 约100 mg／kg，其余元素在闽江沉积物中的含量相对较低，元素 Zn、Cu 差异最大．Cu、Zn和 Cr 3种重金属元素相对以往分析结果较低．被测元素中 V、Y、Zr、Nb 4种元素彼此相关性较强，相关系数均在0.8以上．被测元素均与 Si ／Al 比值呈负相关关系，其中 Rb、Ba、Sr 关系相对密切，相关系数分别为：－0.8872，－0.8865和－0.8858．通过沉积物微量元素分布及其影响因素探讨的分析表明，元素分布反应出在该区域物源和气候等特征条件影响下物理、化学风化的结果，同时受到沉积物粒度、人为活动和潮汐等因素的共同作用．
위탐토민강하유급하구구표층침적물중원소조성、분포규률，용 X 사선형광법분석료연구구역표층침적물중11충미량원소적함량，병간요토론료기분포특정화영향인소．분석결과표명，연구구침적물중원소 Ba 함량최고，평균위515 mg／kg，원소 Ga 최저，평균위7.54 mg／kg，11충원소안함량유고도저배렬시 Ba、Rb、Zr、Sr、Cr、V、Zn、Nb、Y、Cu、Ga；원소변이계수개우0.17～1.05지간，최대위 Zr，최소위 Ba．피측원소함량균정현출연하도향하구체증적추세，부분원소표현출남、북항하유함량고우상유적분포특정，현시인류활동적영향．원소함량고치여 Si ／Al 비치소반영출적침적물세과립구역상대응．침적물미량원소함량여화강암성분상근，여석영사암존재교대차별．연구구역침적물여장강、황하화주강침적물상비，Ba、Rb 량충원소함량차이상대교소，4조하류 Ba 약500 mg／kg、Rb 약100 mg／kg，기여원소재민강침적물중적함량상대교저，원소 Zn、Cu 차이최대．Cu、Zn화 Cr 3충중금속원소상대이왕분석결과교저．피측원소중 V、Y、Zr、Nb 4충원소피차상관성교강，상관계수균재0.8이상．피측원소균여 Si ／Al 비치정부상관관계，기중 Rb、Ba、Sr 관계상대밀절，상관계수분별위：－0.8872，－0.8865화－0.8858．통과침적물미량원소분포급기영향인소탐토적분석표명，원소분포반응출재해구역물원화기후등특정조건영향하물리、화학풍화적결과，동시수도침적물립도、인위활동화조석등인소적공동작용．
In ord er to study the element components and distributions of the surface sediments in the lower reach and estuary of Minjiang River,we measured the concentrations of trace elements (V,Cr,Cu,Zn,Ga,Rb,Sr, Y,Zr,Nb,Ba)in the surface sediments of the areas studied with X-ray fluorescence (XRF)and discussed the distribution characteristics of the elements.Analysis results show the maximum concentration among the studied ele-ments is Ba,with an average 515 mg/kg,while the minimum is Ga,with an average 7.54 mg/kg.The coefficients of variation(CV)of elements are calculated between 0.17 ~1.05,of which Zr is the lowest and Ba is the highest. The concentration of all elements shows increase from the lower reach to the estuary,and some elements have high-er concentrations in the lower reach than the up reaches in North and South branches,reflecting the anthropogenic activities.Higher concentrations and the ratio of Si /Al of the stations are accorded with the areas where sediments grain is fine.The concentration of elements in sediments is similar to that of granite,and differs with quartz sand-stone.The results are compared with that of Changjiang River,Yellow River and the Pearl River.It shows little differences between Ba and Rb,with Ba around 500 mg/kg and Rb around 100 mg/kg,in these 4 rivers.The con-centrations of other elements are lower,and Cu and Zn are quite difference between Minjiang river and the others. The concentrations of Cu,Zn and Cr are lower than the historical data.V,Y,Zr and Nb have much stronger rela-tions each other.All the correlation coefficients are higher than 0.8.All the elements studied have negative corre-lation with Si /Al,where Rb,Ba and Sr are much closer with Si /Al and the correlation coefficients are -0.887 2,-0.886 5 and -0.885 8,respectively.The patterns of element distribution responding the characteristics of sedi-ments in Minjiang river suggest that they are the physical and chemical weathering results under the combined influ-ences of provenance and climates,as well as the particle sizes,anthropogenic factors and the tides.