CAJ | 학술논문

为比较中国不同海域口虾蛄(Oratosqilla oratoria)群体的遗传特性,作者对采自皮口、绥中、青岛和广州4个海域的口虾蛄群体的线粒体COI基因序列进行扩增和测序,比较并分析了其遗传多样性和系统进化关系。获得585bp的口虾蛄线粒体COI基因序列,发现变异位点54个,占总位点数的9.2%。COI基因序列 A+T含量(64.8%)显著高于 G+T含量(35.2%),符合节肢动物线粒体 DNA碱基组成的特点。转换与颠换的平均比值是7.84,碱基替换未达到饱和。100个样本的线粒体 COI 基因序列共定义35个单倍型,单倍型多样性(Hd)为0.9162,平均核苷酸多样性(π)为0.0203。4个群体均具有高的单倍型多样性和低的核苷酸多样性的特点,说明4个海域口虾蛄的遗传多样性均处于中等水平,但广州海域的遗传多样性水平最高。AMOVA分析表明,来自于群体间的遗传差异(84.53%)明显高于来自群体内的差异(15.47%)。遗传分化系数(Fst)表明皮口、绥中、青岛3个海域间几乎没有发生分化(Fst<0),而广州海域口虾蛄遗传分化较大。从 GenBank 上下载了19条粤东海域口虾蛄的同源序列与本实验获得序列共同构建 NJ 系统发育树,结果显示皮口、绥中、青岛聚为一支,广州和粤东(深圳和汕尾)聚为另一支。单倍型系统发育树和单倍型进化网络关系图均显示出广州海域口虾蛄群体较大的遗传分化。
위비교중국불동해역구하고(Oratosqilla oratoria)군체적유전특성,작자대채자피구、수중、청도화엄주4개해역적구하고군체적선립체COI기인서렬진행확증화측서,비교병분석료기유전다양성화계통진화관계。획득585bp적구하고선립체COI기인서렬,발현변이위점54개,점총위점수적9.2%。COI기인서렬 A+T함량(64.8%)현저고우 G+T함량(35.2%),부합절지동물선립체 DNA감기조성적특점。전환여전환적평균비치시7.84,감기체환미체도포화。100개양본적선립체 COI 기인서렬공정의35개단배형,단배형다양성(Hd)위0.9162,평균핵감산다양성(π)위0.0203。4개군체균구유고적단배형다양성화저적핵감산다양성적특점,설명4개해역구하고적유전다양성균처우중등수평,단엄주해역적유전다양성수평최고。AMOVA분석표명,래자우군체간적유전차이(84.53%)명현고우래자군체내적차이(15.47%)。유전분화계수(Fst)표명피구、수중、청도3개해역간궤호몰유발생분화(Fst<0),이엄주해역구하고유전분화교대。종 GenBank 상하재료19조월동해역구하고적동원서렬여본실험획득서렬공동구건 NJ 계통발육수,결과현시피구、수중、청도취위일지,엄주화월동(심수화산미)취위령일지。단배형계통발육수화단배형진화망락관계도균현시출엄주해역구하고군체교대적유전분화。
Oratosqilla oratoriais an important economic species in coastal areas of China and has high nutritional value. This paper analyzes and summarizes the hereditary feature ofO.oratoria from different sea waters by a comparative study. Four populations ofO.oratoriawere collected from Pikou, Suizhong, Qingdao and Guangzhou sea waters of China. The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed by amplifying and se-quencing the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene ofO.oratoria.A total of 54 variable sites (9.2%) and 35 haplotypes were detected in 585 bp sites for 100COI sequences.COI sequences were analyzed and the results indicated that the A+T content (64.8%) was higher than that of C+G (35.2%), corresponding with the characteristics of Arthropods’s mitochondrialCOI gene. The ratio of TV and TS was 7.84, indicating that the base substitution ofCOI gene was not satured inO.oratoria. The average values of haplotype and nucleotide diversity were 0.9616 and 0.02027. The results of haplotype and nucleotide diversity analysis in four different populations of O.oratoria showed a middle genetic diversity, but the genetic diversity level of Guangzhou was the highest. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic difference among populations (84.53%) was significantly higher than that within populations (15.47%). The fix index (Fst) across all populations revealed that there were no genetic differen-tiations among Pikou, Suizhong and Qingdao sea waters (Fst<0), but Guangzhou had a high level. Nineteen ho-mologous sequences ofO.oratoria of the eastern coast of Guangdong province were downloaded from GenBank, together with the sequences obtained in this study, a neighbor-joining tree was constructed the. The results revealed that the five populations could be divided into two groups, one group included Pikou, Suizhong and Qingdao popu-lations and the other group included Guangzhou and the east coast of Guangdong province. The haplotype phy-logenetic tree and haplotype network from all haplotypes was constructed which all revealed the big genetic differ-entiation ofO.oratoriain Guangzhou seawaters. The genetic variation and the genetic structure of fourO.oratoria populations were analyzes. These results could provide a molecular biology basis for protection and reasonable utilization of germplasm resources ofO.oratoria in the coastal areas of China.