CAJ | 학술논문

在现代社会，随着城市化进程的不断推进，大量人口从农村流向城市，其结构日趋呈现“家庭化”。在此过程中，由于流动人口身份的特殊性，流动儿童面临较强的社会排斥和制度排斥，城市融入呈边缘化状况。基于复原力理论视角，以环境—个体策略模型为分析框架，将流动儿童所面临的健康安全风险、社会交往风险、人格心理风险及教育学习风险纳入环境中进行考察，分析风险产生的社会环境因素，主要包括家庭物质基础及价值观念、社区居住条件、学校管理体制、社会政策及文化氛围等。新时期提升流动儿童复原力水平，解决其问题，促进其发展，必须从风险因素与保护因素的对应结构出发，提出从复原力的两个要素即个体的特质及能力着手，构建流动儿童的保护性因素，以形成对风险因素的制衡或抵消，具体而言可以从内力发动途径———流动儿童价值转变与集体赋权的微观层面，外力发动途径———家庭功能恢复、学校教育创新及社区教育支持的中观层面，完善体制和发展专业社会工作的宏观层面提出保护建议。
재현대사회，수착성시화진정적불단추진，대량인구종농촌류향성시，기결구일추정현“가정화”。재차과정중，유우류동인구신빈적특수성，류동인동면림교강적사회배척화제도배척，성시융입정변연화상황。기우복원력이론시각，이배경—개체책략모형위분석광가，장류동인동소면림적건강안전풍험、사회교왕풍험、인격심리풍험급교육학습풍험납입배경중진행고찰，분석풍험산생적사회배경인소，주요포괄가정물질기출급개치관념、사구거주조건、학교관리체제、사회정책급문화분위등。신시기제승류동인동복원력수평，해결기문제，촉진기발전，필수종풍험인소여보호인소적대응결구출발，제출종복원력적량개요소즉개체적특질급능력착수，구건류동인동적보호성인소，이형성대풍험인소적제형혹저소，구체이언가이종내력발동도경———류동인동개치전변여집체부권적미관층면，외력발동도경———가정공능회복、학교교육창신급사구교육지지적중관층면，완선체제화발전전업사회공작적굉관층면제출보호건의。
Along with the development of economy and the acceleration of the urbanization process, a large number of rural population flows into the cities, and the structure is becoming more and more "family-oriented"in modern society. Migrant Children are facing up strong social and institutional exclusion because of the special status. Their City Integration falls into the situation of marginalization. Drawing on the perspective of resilience theory and taking the environment-individual strategic model as analytical framework, this paper, by taking the major risk of health-safety, social intercourse, personality psychology and education into environment, analyzes the social environment factors, including the material basis and value of family, living condition, school manage system, social policy and cultural atmosphere. From the corresponding structure of the risk factors and protective factors, it proposes a view, i.e. starting from the two elements of traits and abilities of resilience to build the protective factors, which can check and balance even offset the risk factors. Specifically, it puts forward proposals for the protection from the internal launch way---the micro level of migrant children’s value transformation and collective empowerment, and external launch way---the medium level of family function’s recovery, education innovation and community’s support, and the macro level of improving system and developing the professional social work.