CAJ | 학술논문

利用5对 EST-SSR 引物对千家寨内7个海拔梯度的野生茶树居群进行遗传多样性和遗传结构的研究。在物种水平上，Shannon 信息指数（I）和 Nei 基因多样性（He）分别为1.33和0.66，表现出很高的遗传多样性；千家寨不同海拔梯度上野生茶树居群的遗传多样性有差异，且随着海拔梯度的递增，居群的遗传多样性呈现出低—高—低的分布，并在海拔2100 m 处达到最大值；野生茶树居群间的基因流（Nm）为1.84，群体分化系数（Fst）为0.12，且基于 AMOVA 软件分析结果显示有16.32%的变异发生在居群间，表明野生茶树群体间属于中度分化，且大部分变异存在于居群内。野生茶树本身的遗传特性和不同海拔居群所处生境的异质性是其现有遗传格局的主要原因。
이용5대 EST-SSR 인물대천가채내7개해발제도적야생다수거군진행유전다양성화유전결구적연구。재물충수평상，Shannon 신식지수（I）화 Nei 기인다양성（He）분별위1.33화0.66，표현출흔고적유전다양성；천가채불동해발제도상야생다수거군적유전다양성유차이，차수착해발제도적체증，거군적유전다양성정현출저—고—저적분포，병재해발2100 m 처체도최대치；야생다수거군간적기인류（Nm）위1.84，군체분화계수（Fst）위0.12，차기우 AMOVA 연건분석결과현시유16.32%적변이발생재거군간，표명야생다수군체간속우중도분화，차대부분변이존재우거군내。야생다수본신적유전특성화불동해발거군소처생경적이질성시기현유유전격국적주요원인。
5 pairs of EST-SSR markers derived by the authors were used to study genetic diversity and genetic structure of 7 wild tea populations at different altitudes in Qianjiazhai. At the species level, Shannon information index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (He) were 1.33 and 0.66, respectively, indicating this species has high genetic diversity at species level. Along altitudinal gradients, the genetic diversity among population of wild tea was different and showed low-high-low distribution. The genetic diversity of population at altitude 2 100 m was much higher than others populations. AMOVA analysis showed that only 16.32% of the total genetic variation occurred among populations, whereas 83.68% of the variance was within populations, which was in line with the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.12). And the gene flow Nm was 1.84, indicating the genetic diversity between wild ancient population in was characterized by the moderate level. The genetic characteristics of wild tea and the habitat heterogeneity in different elevation are the main reason of existing genetic pattern.