北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)
北京師範大學學報(自然科學版)
북경사범대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY
2015年
4期
388-392
,共5页
尹峰%梦梦%敬凯%徐玲%刘定震
尹峰%夢夢%敬凱%徐玲%劉定震
윤봉%몽몽%경개%서령%류정진
野生动物%制品%非法贸易%调查%边境
野生動物%製品%非法貿易%調查%邊境
야생동물%제품%비법무역%조사%변경
wildlife%products%illegal wildlife trade%survey%border
对云南省的3个主要城市、7个边境一级口岸和2个缅甸边境城市及1个越南边境城市野生动物及其制品贸易开展了实地调查.调查记录到的贸易涉及野生动物物种共46种,从种类多到少排序依次分别是兽类22种,占47.8%;爬行类19种,占41.3%;鸟类3种,占6.5%;两栖类2种,占4.3%.其中国家重点保护野生动物19种,占物种总数的41.3%;CITES 附录物种24种,占总数的52.2%.分析表明:穿山甲(Manis spp.)、亚洲象(Elephas maximus )、虎(Panthera tigris ssp.)和熊(Ursus spp.)制品贸易频次较高,其销售用途主要是药用和收藏,国内外贸易市场上均有出售,且遇见频次在国外较国内市场高.除动物制品外,非法贸易还包括穿山甲、巨蜥(Varanus salvator )和龟鳖等活体,其中穿山甲频次较高.此外,针对非保护物种的贸易有逐渐增加的趋势.根据本研究的结果,笔者建议针对不同的贸易目的分别采用引导、扶持和制定政策满足合理需求,同时加强执法、市场监管、国际合作和公众教育,从而实现对保护物种非法贸易的严格禁止和非保护物种的可持续利用.
對雲南省的3箇主要城市、7箇邊境一級口岸和2箇緬甸邊境城市及1箇越南邊境城市野生動物及其製品貿易開展瞭實地調查.調查記錄到的貿易涉及野生動物物種共46種,從種類多到少排序依次分彆是獸類22種,佔47.8%;爬行類19種,佔41.3%;鳥類3種,佔6.5%;兩棲類2種,佔4.3%.其中國傢重點保護野生動物19種,佔物種總數的41.3%;CITES 附錄物種24種,佔總數的52.2%.分析錶明:穿山甲(Manis spp.)、亞洲象(Elephas maximus )、虎(Panthera tigris ssp.)和熊(Ursus spp.)製品貿易頻次較高,其銷售用途主要是藥用和收藏,國內外貿易市場上均有齣售,且遇見頻次在國外較國內市場高.除動物製品外,非法貿易還包括穿山甲、巨蜥(Varanus salvator )和龜鱉等活體,其中穿山甲頻次較高.此外,針對非保護物種的貿易有逐漸增加的趨勢.根據本研究的結果,筆者建議針對不同的貿易目的分彆採用引導、扶持和製定政策滿足閤理需求,同時加彊執法、市場鑑管、國際閤作和公衆教育,從而實現對保護物種非法貿易的嚴格禁止和非保護物種的可持續利用.
대운남성적3개주요성시、7개변경일급구안화2개면전변경성시급1개월남변경성시야생동물급기제품무역개전료실지조사.조사기록도적무역섭급야생동물물충공46충,종충류다도소배서의차분별시수류22충,점47.8%;파행류19충,점41.3%;조류3충,점6.5%;량서류2충,점4.3%.기중국가중점보호야생동물19충,점물충총수적41.3%;CITES 부록물충24충,점총수적52.2%.분석표명:천산갑(Manis spp.)、아주상(Elephas maximus )、호(Panthera tigris ssp.)화웅(Ursus spp.)제품무역빈차교고,기소수용도주요시약용화수장,국내외무역시장상균유출수,차우견빈차재국외교국내시장고.제동물제품외,비법무역환포괄천산갑、거석(Varanus salvator )화구별등활체,기중천산갑빈차교고.차외,침대비보호물충적무역유축점증가적추세.근거본연구적결과,필자건의침대불동적무역목적분별채용인도、부지화제정정책만족합리수구,동시가강집법、시장감관、국제합작화공음교육,종이실현대보호물충비법무역적엄격금지화비보호물충적가지속이용.
We conducted a covert survey on illegal trade of wildlife and products in 3 major cites,7 class-one border ports in Yunnan Province,China,and 2 neighboring border cities in Burma and 1 in Vietnam.We recorded a total of 46 species of animals.Nearly half(47.8%)of these species were mammals,and 41.3% were reptiles.Among those species,24 species,which accounted for 52.2% of the total species,were listed under the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Speices (CITES),and 1 9 species,which accounted for 41.3% of the total species,were listed as state key protected wild animals.The products of pangolins (Manis pentadactyla),Asian elephants (Elephas maximus ),tigers (Panthera tigris ssp.)and bears (Ursus spp.) were recorded in both domestic and foreign markets with a higher encounter frequency in foreign border cities than in Yunnan Province.In addition to animal products,trade on live animals,such as the pangolin,common water monitor (Varanus salvator )and freshwater turtles and tortoises,was also recorded.Trade on pangolins had the highest encounter frequency in the whole survey.We also found an increasing trend of trade on species of animals not included in the state key protected list.Base on the current survey,we strongly suggest the following:improve law enforcement effectiveness,strengthen capacity building,establish the market and trade monitoring system,strengthen international cooperation and increase public awareness of wildlife conservation. Once implemented these measures will help to completely stop the illegal trade of endangered species,and lead to sustainable utilization of non-protected species in Yunnan Province.